Caffeine (CAF) is one of the most widely and regularly consumed biologically active substances. We use computer simulation approach to the study of CAF activity by searching for its possible complexes with biopolymer fragments. The principal CAF target at physiologically important concentrations refers to adenosine receptors. It is a common opinion that CAF is a competitive antagonist of adenos...

PURPOSE To characterize the performance of students with reading difficulties in decoding and reading comprehension tasks as well as to investigate the possible correlations between them. METHODS Sixty students (29 girls) from 3rd to 5th grades of public Elementary Schools were evaluated. Thirty students (Research Group - RG), ten from each grade, were nominated by their teachers as presentin...

The P/CAF protein has intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity and is capable of binding the transcriptional co-activator CBP. Here we show that P/CAF can regulate transcription and that this function is independent of its binding to CBP. The HAT domain of P/CAF has transcriptional activation potential in yeast. In mammalian cells P/CAF can stimulate transcription of the RSV promoter,...

In order to develop effective computerassisted language teaching systems for learners of English as a foreign language, it is first necessary to identify gaps between learners and native speakers in the four basic linguistic skills (reading, writing, pronunciation, and listening). To identify these gaps, the accuracy and fluency in language use between learners and native speakers should be com...

fluency in a second language (l2) involves a quintessentially cognitive processing system that operates quickly and effectively. the perceived importance of researching fluency through a psycholinguistic lens has motivated the related l2 research to resort to current cognitive speaking-specific models. this study, drawing on levelt’s (1999a) psycholinguistic model, probed the deficiency sources...

Pronunciation verification of children’s reading is a difficult task in itself, but automatic reading assessment software must also detect and evaluate other phenomena that influence human evaluators. Using an isolated word-reading task, we first show that humans use both pronunciation correctness (accuracy) and fluency information in their assessment of the reading ability of kindergarten to s...

Heterogeneity of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) has long been recognized, but the functional significance remains poorly understood. Here, we report the distinction of two CAF subtypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that have differential tumor-promoting capability, one with a transcriptome and secretome closer to normal fibroblasts (CAF-N) and the other with a more divergent ex...

Chromatin assembly factor CAF-1 facilitates the formation of nucleosomes on newly replicated DNA in vitro. However, the role of CAF-1 in development is poorly understood because mutants are not available in most multicellular model organisms. Biochemical evidence suggests that FASCIATA1, FASCIATA2 and MSI1 form CAF-1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Because fasciata mutants are viable, CAF-1 is not ess...

BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are activated fibroblasts in the cancer stroma and play an important role in cancer progression. Some reports have indicated the correlation between the expression of CAF markers and adverse prognosis in several cancers. However, no reports have studied CAF phenotype and its clinical relevance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS...