A novel cadaveric model for anterior-inferior shoulder dislocation using forcible apprehension positioning is presented. This model simulates an in vivo mechanism and yields capsulolabral lesions. The scapulae of 14 cadaveric entire upper limbs (82 +/- 9 years, mean +/- standard deviation) were each rigidly fixed to a custom shoulder-testing device. A pneumatic system was used with pulleys and ...

Relaxation indentation experiments using atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used to obtain viscoelastic material properties of soft samples. The quasilinear viscoelastic (QLV) model formulated by Fung (1972, "Stress Strain History Relations of Soft Tissues in Simple Elongation," in Biomechanics, Its Foundation and Objectives, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. 181-207) for uniaxial compres...

Tooth movement is a biological process of bone remodeling induced by mechanical force. Sclerostin secreted by osteocytes is mechanosensory and important in bone remodeling. However, little is known regarding the role of sclerostin in tooth movement. In this study, models of experimental tooth movement were established in rats and mice. Sclerostin expression was investigated with immunohistochem...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of various structural support configurations in preventing topical compression in skyscraper buildings. To conduct this investigation, the following four support configurations were tested: a single/double vertical support system, a single diagonal/single vertical system, a double cross diagonal, and a double diagonal/double vertical config...

In obstructive lymphedema of lower limbs tissue fluid pressures in the subcutaneous tissue was 2.5±3.0 mmHg (range-1 to +10 mmHg) and did not differ from those measured in normal subjects. During manual massage the applied force generated pressures ranging from 60 to 120 mmHg. Pneumatic compression generated tissue fluid pressures depending on sleeve inflation pressures, however, they were on t...

BACKGROUND Pelvic ring injuries are associated with a high incidence of mortality mainly due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Early stabilization is an integral part of hemorrhage control. Temporary stabilization can be provided by a pelvic sheet, sling, or an inflatable garment. However, these devices lack control of the applied circumferential compression. We evaluated a pelvic circumferential ...

The recent use of graduated compression therapy for treatment of chronic venous disorders such as leg ulcers and oedema has led to considerable research interest in flexible and low-cost force sensors. Properly applied low pressure during compression therapy can substantially improve the treatment of chronic venous disorders. However, achievement of the recommended low pressure levels and its a...

BACKGROUND The potential mechanism of compression apparel remains unclear to date because of insufficient knowledge on the influence of compressive level on muscular responses. OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of external leg compression on (a) the muscle force and endurance of the quadriceps femoris and (b) the muscle activation patterns during prolonged muscle actions. METHODS Twelve ma...

A The effect of different magnitudes of force applied externally to the glohe, or to the other eye, on intraocular pressure was investigated in two age groups. The results indicated that the dynamics of the precompression steady state must have been altered during compression. The recovery of the precompression stead state was related to the magnitude of the applied force and was absent in the ...