Both cyanogen bromide (BrCN) and 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide may be used as coupling reagents for the template-directed assembly of DNA duplexes containing the sugar-phosphate backbone modification. Both reagents show similar ligation site structure-specific trend. Practical recommendations are given for selection of the condensing reagent depending on the properties of the ...

This paper addresses the water temperature control in condensing domestic boilers. The main challenge of this process under the controller design perspective is the fact that the dynamics of condensing boilers are strongly affected by the demanded water flow rate. Two approaches are presented in this paper. First, a robust PI controller is designed that stabilizes and achieves good performance ...

Recently the author [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 103(1988), 11291135] proved random versions of an interesting theorem of Ky Fan [Theorem 2, Math. Z. 112 (1969), 234-240] for continuous condensing random maps and nonexpansive random maps defined on a closed convex bounded subset in a separable Hilbert space. In this paper, we prove that it is still true for (more general) continuous 1-set-contractiv...

Flash tank evaporation combined with a condensing heat exchanger can be used when heat exchange is required between two streams and where at least one of these streams is difficult to handle (in terms of solid particles content, viscosity, pH, consistency etc.). To increase the efficiency of heat exchange, a cascade of these units in series can be used. Heat transfer relationships in such a cas...

A Caenorhabditis elegans ORF encoding the presumptive condensing enzyme activity of a fatty acid elongase has been characterized functionally by heterologous expression in yeast. This ORF (F56H11. 4) shows low similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes involved in fatty acid elongation. The substrate specificity of the C. elegans enzyme indicated a preference for Delta(6)-desaturated C18 poly...

The present work deals with thermodynamic analysis of cascade refrigeration system using ozone friendly refrigerants pair R507A and R23. R507A is azeotropic mixture composed of HFC refrigerants R125/R143a (50%/50% wt.). R23 is a single component HFC refrigerant used as replacement to CFC refrigerant R13 in low temperature applications. These refrigerants have zero ozone depletion potential and ...

n-(diphenylphosphino)triethyl- and tributylammonium salts are introduced as easily prepared, cheap and stable ionic liquids that act as the condensing agent and media for the efficient esterification of acids with alcohols and phenols. this class of ionic liquids is immiscible with the ester products and thus allows simple and easy separation of the desired products from the reaction mixture.