in this paper, we consider a cooperative cognitive radio network in which there is an ofdm primary link and multiple single carrier secondary links.the primary link is required to maintain its secrecy rate above a predefined threshold. if the secrecy rate requirement is not satisfied, the secondary system help primary link to maintain its secrecy rate requirement. in doing so, the secondary trans...

The aim of this study was to compare the social capital indicators of members and non-members of cooperatives in Siahkal County.  The sample size was calculated by the Cochran formula to include300individuals (150 member cooperatives and 150 non-members of the cooperative) that were selected by the stratified random sampling method. The main tool employed in this study was a questionnaire that ...

Patient visits various organizations or units within organizations to get proper diagnosis and treatment. The role of healthcare workflowmanagement by use of IT is to adjust the contributions of those organizations or units in terms of timing, quality and functionality. Some of these difficulties can be traced back to the heterogeneous nature of healthcare organizations. Professionals require a...

Purpose – The present study aims at contributing to the knowledge of organizational communication and cross-cultural female leadership by examining the conflict management strategies between Taiwanese female presidents and their American counterparts in Rotary Clubs. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through field observations and 25 in-depth interviews with 14 Taiwanese female ...

Are cooperative decisions typically made more quickly or slowly than non-cooperative decisions? While this question has attracted considerable attention in recent years, most research has focused on one-shot interactions. Yet it is repeated interactions that characterize most important real-world social interactions. In repeated interactions, the cooperativeness of one's interaction partners (t...

Many aspects of Software Engineering problems lend themselves to a coevolutionary model of optimization because software systems are complex and rich in potential population that could be productively coevolved. Most of these aspects can be coevolved to work better together in a cooperative manner. Compared with the simple and common used predator-prey co-evolution model, cooperative co-evoluti...

This paper explores the causes of domestic conflict over foreign policy in the context of a dynamic learning model. One state is composed of two political parties that are uncertain about how another state will respond to cooperative and confrontational policies. To resolve this uncertainty, they must implement policies and update on the basis of the observed outcome. While both parties have in...

Today, bibliographical information is kept in a variety of digital libraries available on the Internet. The integration of bibliographical data is considered as one of the most important tasks in the area of digital library community. The available sources of data vary widely in terms of data representation and access interfaces. To overcome this heterogeneity during the last years attempts wer...