IN 21 INFANTS, each with symptomatic congenital aortic stenosis and left ventricular cavity of nearly normal size studied clinically,' evidence for mitral insuffiiegncy was frequently encountered. In five of the patients left ventriculography was done and, in each, mitral insufficiency was demonstrated. This background of experience led us to study, in particular, the mitral valve in specimens ...

surgery and to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of mitral stenosis. Although surgery produced a significant increase in calculated mitral valve area, the degree of improvement varied markedly. The younger patients had the greater increase in mitral valve area. The change in cardiac index and pulmonary vascular resistance correlated well with the change in mitral valve area. Only...

OBSTRUCTION to the outflow of blood from the right ventricle may occur as a result of congenital stenosis of the pulmonary valve, of the infundibulum, or of the supravalvular area. These all result in a fixed constriction of the lumen of the involved region. Recently, considerable interest has been focused upon a more dynamic type of infundibular obstruction that occurs in a number of patients ...

Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital condition that occurs not only as an isolated anomaly, but also with other cardiac defects. We describe a 10-year-old boy whose aortic stenosis was diagnosed during infancy. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed dilation of the left ventricle, valvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve, aortic regurgitation, and mitral valve ...

The arterial switch operation (Jatene procedure) is the treatment of choice for transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum (TGA-IVS) in neonatal age, because of the low mortality and morbidity during long term follow up. Right ventricular outflow obstruction is the most frequent postoperative complication, occurring with suYcient severity to require reintervention in up ...

Enlargement of right atrium is usually secondary to pulmonary hypertension due to valvular heart diseases or obstructive pulmonary disorders, atrial septal defect, tricuspid atresia or stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, primary pulmonary hypertension, Ebstein's anomaly. Congenital enlargement of right atrium is rare and it commonly presents in children. Our patient presented with congenital giant ri...

The width of the jet flow in the pulmonary artery was measured using a multigate pulsed Doppler system in a baby with severe pulmonary valve stenosis. The degree of stenosis estimated before operation agreed with the result obtained during surgery.

OBSTRUCTION to the outflow of blood from the right ventricle may occur as a result of congenital stenosis of the pulmonary valve, of the infundibulum, or of the supravalvular area. These all result in a fixed constriction of the lumen of the involved region. Recently, considerable interest has been focused upon a more dynamic type of infundibular obstruction that occurs in a number of patients ...

A total of 14 cases of infective endocarditis (IE) in children aged 6 months to 10 years were seen from December 1987 to December 1992 at the pediatric unit of Ayatollah Taleghani Medical Center. The majority of patients (12 of 14) were between 5 and 10 years of age. Acyanotic congenital heart disease was known to preexist in 78.6% and rheumatic valvular heart disease in 21.4% of cases. Or...

The authors report a case of double-orifice mitral valve (DOMV) which showed mitral stenosis and mild insufficiency. An associated anomaly was secundum atrial septal defect. DOMV is an unusual congenital heart defect. The occurrence of this anomaly with or without secundum atrial septal defect is very rare. More often it is associated with other congenital malformations arising from atrioventri...