objective: toxoplasmosis, caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite, and the toxoplasma gondii, is widespread throughout the world. in recent years, significant progress has been made in the identification of vaccine candidates which could induce a protective response. gra7, an excretory 29 kda toxoplasma gondii a dense granular antigen released by infected host cells. in tachyzoite-infect...

We discuss the usefulness of quantum cloning and present examples of quantum computation tasks for which cloning offers an advantage which cannot be matched by any approach that does not resort to it. In these quantum computations, we need to distribute quantum information contained in states about which we have some partial information. To perform quantum computations, we use state-dependent p...

Viruses are factors that can fluctuate insect populations, including honey bees. Most bee infecting viruses single positive-stranded RNA may not specifically infect bees and be hazardous to other pollinator insects. In addition, these could synergize with stressors worsen the population decline. To identify underlying detailed mechanisms, reversed genetic studies infectious cDNA clones of neces...

Object-oriented programmers often need to clone objects. Mainstream languages, such as C# and Java, typically default to shallow cloning, which copies just one object and aliases references from that object. Other languages, such as Eiffel, provide deep cloning. A deep clone is a copy of the entire object graph reachable from the cloned object, which could include many unnecessary objects. Alte...

An improved immune cloning algorithm based on clustering competition is proposed, which ensures the diversity of antibody population, effectively improves convergence speed and avoids immature convergence. The applied to packing problem achieves good results.

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Assembly cloning is increasingly replacing conventional restriction enzyme and DNA-ligase-dependent cloning methods for reasons of efficiency and performance. Here, we describe AQUA (advanced quick assembly), a simple and versatile seamless assembly cloning approach. We demonstrate the applicability and versatility of AQUA Cloning in selected proof-of-principle applications including targeted i...

Soil conservation is the only known way to protect the productive land. In country like Ethiopia, where droughts and floods cause food scarcity problem, soil and water conservation not only increases crop yield, but also prevents further deterioration of land. Soil and water conservation preserve soil moisture and drain water sustainably to avoid soil erosion and depletion of soil nutrients. So...

The ability of scientists to apply cloning technology to humans has provoked public discussion and media coverage. The present paper reports on a series of studies examining public attitudes to human cloning in the UK, bringing together a range of quantitative and qualitative methods to address this question. These included a nationally representative survey, an experimental vignette study, foc...