The present study investigated the time-course of semantic integration in auditory compound word processing. Compounding is a productive mechanism of word formation that is used frequently in many languages. Specifically, we examined whether semantic integration is incremental or is delayed until the head, the last constituent in German, is available. Stimuli were compounds consisting of three ...

Hypericum perforatum (Hp) is commonly known for its antiviral, antidepressant, and cytotoxic properties, but traditionally Hp was also used to treat inflammation. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity of different Hp extractions and accessions and constituents present within Hp extracts were characterized. In contrast to the antiviral activity of Hp, the anti-inflammato...

Particularistic spending, a large literature argues, builds support for incumbents. This literature equates money spent in the district with the credit constituents allocate. Yet, constituents lack the necessary information andmotivation to allocate credit in this way.We use extensive observational and experimental evidence to showhow legislators’ credit claimingmessages—and not justmoney spent...

To identify major active constituents and measure their levels in a typical medicinal herb-Rhizoma coptidis, we applied the concept of removing and adding, taking inspiration from functional genetic methods. As this herb has bacteriostatic properties and is used to treat bacterial diarrhea, we examined the effects of individual constituents (berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, jateor...

traditionally used for treatment of several diseases including its theoretic use in microbial We have isolated three flavonoids (Artochamin C, 5'Hydroxycudraflavone A and Dihydrocudraflavone B) based on bioactivity guided isolation. All compounds showed significant antibacterial activities against Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis. Artochamin C ...

This article reports on a study investigating the intonational realization of context-changing and context-preserving contrastive topics in German. Results of the pilot study show that both kinds of topics can be marked by different pitch accents on the topic constituent, although speakerspecific differences emerge. When speakers do use different pitch accents, low rises (L*H) exclusively occur...

Since the discovery of the stimulating effect of corn steep liquor on penicillin fermentation, various lactosesteep liquor media have been used in penicillin fermentations. The requirements for a good penicillin fermentation are fulfilled by the steep liquor-lactose media by virtue of its composition (Johnson, 1952). The production of penicillin on a chemically defined medium (Jarvis and Johnso...

The MeOH extract of aerial parts of Flourensia riparia Grisebach (Asteraceae) afforded a sesquiterpene lactone, 4beta-hydroxy-4,10alpha-dimethyl-7alphaH,8alphaH-eudesman-11-ene-8,12-olide, together with septuplinolide, its isomer at positions C-5 and C-10. In addition, known flavonoids, p-hydroxyacetophenone derivatives, carabrone and isoalantolactone were identified. Three known flavonoids and...

One flavonoid, diosmetin (1), and two isoflavonoids, 3′-hydroxybiochanin A (2) and 3′-O-methylorobol (3), were isolated from the methanol extract of Eclipta prostrata L. by a bioactivity-guided fractionation technique using primary cultures of mouse osteoblasts as an in vitro assay system. All three compounds significantly increased osteoblast differentiation as assessed by the alkaline phospha...

A new ent-kaurane diterpene glycoside identified as (-)19-beta-D-glucopyranosyl 6,7-dihydroxy kaurenoate, was isolated from the seeds of Pithecellobium albicans. The structure of the new compound was established by spectral data.