A new computer program, called Mallard, is presented for screening entire 16S rRNA gene libraries of up to 1,000 sequences for chimeras and other artifacts. Written in the Java computer language and capable of running on all major operating systems, the program provides a novel graphical approach for visualizing phylogenetic relationships among 16S rRNA gene sequences. To illustrate its use, we...

In this paper, the performance of these frequency shift keying communication systems over generalized fading channels. Wherever possible, we shall again make use of the desired forms rather than the classical representations of the mathematical functions the treatment here will be quit brief since indeed the entire machinery that allows determining the results has by this time been developed co...

The operation of switching a graph Γ with respect to a subset X of the vertex set interchanges edges and non-edges between X and its complement, leaving the rest of the graph unchanged. This is an equivalence relation on the set of graphs on a given vertex set, so we can talk about the automorphism group of a switching class of graphs. It might be thought that switching classes with many automo...

Conjugated porphyrin arrays that possess delocalised electronic networks have, for the most part, been assembled by using alkene or alkyne type bridging units or by directly connecting individual porphyrin chromophores with multiple bonds to form fused porphyrin arrays. Throughout the last two decades, such conjugated porphyrin arrays have been actively explored due to their attractive electron...

The coalescent is an accumulation of waiting times. We can think of it as standard queuing process where the times are exponentially distributed with rate k(k − 1)/(2 × 2N) [for most elaboration in this chapter I use the Wright-Fisher model as a guide, for the Moran model the rate would be k(k−1)/(2× (2N)2) ]. The coalescent makes no assumptions about the interaction of the intervals, we will a...

We extend the spatial -Fleming–Viot process introduced in [Electron. J. Probab. 15 (2010) 162–216] to incorporate recombination. The process models allele frequencies in a population which is distributed over the twodimensional torus T(L) of sidelength L and is subject to two kinds of reproduction events: small events of radius O(1) and much rarer large events of radius O(Lα) for some α ∈ (0,1]...

Dynamic domains are domains quickly created, used and discarded. Today, there are no facilities available to support dynamic domains in most network management systems. This paper introduces two new language to deal with dynamic domains. The first language is used to define new domains through the selection of managed objects. The second language, on its turn, is used to visualize already creat...

abstract background: in iran gastric cancer is the second most common cancer and the most cause of death cancer, the aim of this study is provide map geographical distribution of gastric cancer and detect high risk cluster with use of space-time scan statistic. methods: this was an applied study. the data is provided from reports published by center for disease control office in ministry of hea...