Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are those equipped with two or more energy sources, usually, a fuel tank with its associated internal combustion engine (ICE) and an electrical storage system (ESS), typically a bank of batteries. In order to efficiently operate the system it is necessary to determine the instantaneous power split between the two sources when the vehicle performs a predetermined d...

With the rapid development of network technology, the Web applications are used more widely, and the higher requirements on the Web system has been pursued by many people. This paper describes the Inventory Management System sufficiently to determine the feasibility and usability of a finished system. The core concept is to track the sale of items from the cash registers with additional feature...

In this paper, we consider a multi-objective control problem for stochastic systems that seeks to minimize a cost of interest while ensuring safety. We introduce a novel measure of safety risk using the conditional value-at-risk and a set distance to formulate a safety risk-constrained optimal control problem. Our reformulation method using an extremal representation of the safety risk measure ...

The optimal control of inventory in supply chains plays a key role in the competiveness of a corporation. The inventory cost can account for half of company’s logistics cost. The classical inventory models, e.g., newsvendor and EOQ models, assume either a single or infinite planning periods. However, these models may not be applied to perishable products which usually have a certain shelf life....

We consider a multi-stage inventory control problem with nonstationary customer demand under a customer service-level constraint. We propose a multi-agent based model for distributed inventory control systems. In this model, the agent at the first stage is called a retail agent and those at the remaining stages are called supply agents. The retail agent makes an effort to satisfy a target custo...

The majority of publications in the scientific literature investigate stochastic demand processes with constant order lead times. In practice, inventory management software like MRP is used by companies even if ignored uncertainty this work, we influence type and existing solutions proposed literature. To do this, ARTIREV tool to identify major schools thought competing filed highlight current ...

Methods predicting protein secondary structure improved substantially in the 1990s through the use of evolutionary information taken from the divergence of proteins in the same structural family. Recently, the evolutionary information resulting from improved searches and larger databases has again boosted prediction accuracy by more than four percentage points to its current height of around 76...

This paper allows the backorder rate as a control variable to widen applications of a continuous review inventory model. Moreover, we also consider the backorder rate that is proposed by combining Ouyang and Chuang 2001 or Lee 2005 with Pan and Hsiao 2001 to present a new form. Thus, the backorder rate is dependent on the amount of shortages and backorder price discounts. Besides, we also treat...

This paper is concerned with the optimal control of a production inventory system with time-varying deteriorating items. It is assumed that the deterioration rate follows the two parameters generalized exponential distribution. The continuous review policy is investigated. The optimality conditions are derived using Pontryagin maximum principle. The optimal total cost, the optimal inventory lev...

The single-item stochastic inventory control problem is to find an inventory replenishment policy in the presence of independent discrete stochastic demands under periodic review and finite time horizon. In this paper, we prove that this problem is intractable and for any 2 > 0, we design an algorithm with running time polynomial in the size of the problem input and in 1/2, that finds a policy ...