Thymic epithelial tumors usually are broadly classified into two main categories: thymoma and thymic carcinoma. In adults, thymomas are the most common primary tumor in the anterior mediastinum.[2] A large variety of paraneoplastic or parathymic syndromes may suggest the presence of a thymoma.[3] Myasthenia gravis coexists in approximately 30% to 40% of patients with thymoma.[4] It is still unc...

of 100-150 words should also be included and should contain factual information rather than a general description of the manuscript contents. Tables should be typed, double-spaced, one to a page, and numbered. Their relative placement in the text should be noted. All figures should be in camera-ready form. Biographical sketches should include name, institutional affiliation, recent publications...

Zygomycosis (mucormycosis) is a rare but highly invasive infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales, which includes the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Absidia, Apophysomyces, Saksenaea, Cunninghamella, Cokeromyces and Syncephalastrum. This type of infection is usually associated with hematologic diseases, diabetic ketoacidosis and organ transplantation. The most common form...

Background and study objectives: 1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is common but underrecognized. A 1994 mail survey showed a long delay between the onset of symptoms and the initial diagnosis of AAT deficiency. In 2003, we carried out a similar mail survey of AAT-deficient individuals to determine whether any delay in diagnosis experienced by individuals with a more recent diagnosis had become sh...

Osteomalacia is a musculoskeletal condition that results in soft bones due to ineffective mineralisation. Nurses have a unique opportunity to improve awareness of osteomalacia and reduce its incidence through health education. Multidisciplinary management is important to minimise the effect of osteomalacia on activities of daily living and reduce the risk of fracture due to poor mineralisation ...

Finding high quality plans for large planning problems is hard. Although some current anytime planners are often able to improve plans quickly, they tend to reach a limit at which the plans produced are still very far from the best possible, but these planners fail to find any further improvement, even when given several hours of runtime. We present an approach to continuing plan quality optimi...

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency in urban setting, of a developing country. The computerised hospital patient database at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, was utilised to obtain records of all adults with a histologically proven diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A review of patients treated over a 18 month period was undertaken. One hundred and three appendicectomies were ...