Quantum computers hold the promise for efficiently factoring large integers [1]. However, to do this beyond a most modest scale they will require quantum error correction [2]. The theory of quantum error correction is already well studied in two-level or spin2 systems (in terms of qubits or quantum bits) [2–7]. Some of these results have been generalized to higher-spin systems [8–11]. This work...

BACKGROUND Heat waves have been linked to increased risk of mortality and morbidity, and are projected to increase in frequency and intensity in a changing climate. Houston and other areas in Texas experienced an exceptional heat wave in the summer of 2011 producing the hottest August on record. This study aims to assess the health-related impact of this heat wave. METHODS Distributed lag mod...

submerged breakwaters are one of the shore protective structures. any discontinuity in these breakwaters causes changes on current parameters including speed and water surface profile. in this paper, discontinuous submerged breakwaters were modelled to investigate the changes in the wave and flow pattern.to investigate the phenomenon, three models including a shore with constant slope, a shore ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The degree of internal carotid stenosis has emerged as the most important predictor of ischemic stroke in extracranial carotid artery disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the noninvasive techniques for quantifying internal carotid stenosis with respect to the accepted standard of intra-arterial angiography. METHODS We measured the maximum per...

OBJECTIVE The Cox model is the dominant tool in clinical trials to compare treatment options. This model does not specify any specific form to the hazard function. On the other hand, parametric models allow the researcher to consider an appropriate shape of hazard function for the event of interest. The aim of this article is to compare performance of Cox and parametric models. METHODS We use...

This report presents a 5.5-year-old girl who presented with multiple types of seizure disorder along with behavioral change, cognitive deterioration, and language impairment. Electroencephalography showed nearly continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep. Both clinical and electrographic findings were consistent with epilepsy with continuous spikes and wave during slow sleep (CSWS). Although ...

The coincidence effect is manifested by maximal sound transmission at angles at which trace wave number matching occurs. Coincidence effect theory is well-defined for unbounded thin plates using plane-wave excitation. However, experimental results for finite bars are known to diverge from theory near grazing angles. Prior experimental work has focused on pulse excitation. An experimental setup ...

Recent progress in the development of Continuous Wave Terahertz sources based on Ultra-Fast Photodetectors operating at 1.55 μm is reported. The Uni-Travelling Carrier Photodiode is realised as a broadband and high-efficiency photomixer while the frequency response advantage of employing a travelling wave design is demonstrated. State-of-the-art bandwidth-efficiency product from Coplanar Wavegu...