The epidemiological studies that assessed the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with newer oral contraceptives (OC) did not distinguish between patterns of OC use, namely first-time users, repeaters and switchers. Data from a Transnational case-control study were used to assess the risk of VTE for the latter patterns of use, while accounting for duration of use. Over the period 19...

Objective To estimate the potential impact of using hormonal contraceptives on rates of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and on pregnancy rates by theoretically removing the use of hormonal contraceptives from a study population. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in 3704 HIVnegative women who were enrolled in two biomedical trials that tested two vaginal...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the potential impact of using hormonal contraceptives on rates of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and pregnancy by theoretically removing the use of hormonal contraceptives from a study population. METHODS A prospective cohort study included 3704 HIV-negative women who were enrolled in two biomedical trials that tested two vaginal microbicides ...

Background & aim: Population control has remained an issue of concern to many developing nations. Many women have unmet needs for contraception. Despite the available options for abortion, unwanted pregnancies account for a high maternal mortality rate. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the choices, satisfaction, and compliance with contraceptive use among the women living ...

Background The availability of various oral contraceptive (OC) pill formulations with different hormone compositions suggests that there is potential to align a particular product with an individual user's needs and preferences. To explore this concept further, a survey was conducted of current users of OCs to define and confirm areas of specific needs, and to gain insight into their views and ...

To assess the effects of oral contraceptives on anticoagulant treatment the prothrombin times of 12 patients were measured while they were taking both drugs simultaneously and while they were taking only anticoagulants. The mean prothrombin time ratio was significantly higher when patients were taking both drugs than when they were taking only anticoagulants and their doses of anticoagulant wer...

* Percentages are based on women who used oral contraceptive pills in the past 4 weeks and had sexual intercourse in the past 12 months, who were asked the question “Still thinking about the past 4 weeks, how many pills that you were supposed to take did you miss? Would you say you never missed a pill, missed only one pill, or missed two or more pills?” † Estimates are based on interviews of th...

To investigate the role of oral contraceptives and their interaction with thrombophilia in ischemic stroke, a case-control study on women with a first ischemic stroke when younger than 45 years was carried out. Oral contraceptives doubled the risk of ischemic stroke in the first 6-18 months of use and hyperhomocysteinemia increased the risk by 3.5-fold. Carriers of factor V Leiden or prothrombi...

In Brazil, as in many other countries, teenage pregnancy is widely recognised as a public health problem. Buttressed by a public health science of the economics of teenage pregnancy that emphasises the postponement of parenthood as key to poverty reduction, young people's lack of appreciation for medical knowledge of contraceptives is most often credited for failed attempts to reduce teenage pr...

We examined the effects of oral contraceptives (OC) on glucose flux and whole body substrate oxidation rates during rest (90 min) and two exercise intensities [60-min leg ergometer cycling at 45 and 65% peak O(2) uptake (Vo(2 peak))]. Eight healthy, eumenorrheic women were studied during the follicular and luteal phases before OC and the inactive and high-dose phases after 4 mo of a low-dose, t...