conclusion using standard imaging parameters, each mri sequence reaches its maximum si in a specific contrast concentration, which is highest in se and least in ir in a comparison between se, fse and ir sequences. results this study shows that maximum si will appear at different ranges in different sequences. the maximum si can be seen at concentrations of 5.95, 4.96 and 3.98mmol/l for se, fse ...

Theoretical and experimental investigations into the thermal excitation of liquid paramagnetic contrast agents using the spin resonance relaxation mechanism are presented. The electronic spin-lattice relaxation time τ1e of gadolinium-based contrast agents, which is estimated at 0.1 ns, is ten orders of magnitude faster than the relaxation time of protons in water. The shorter relaxation time is...

UNLABELLED Advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma is usually treated with single-agent gemcitabine chemotherapy or combinations that include gemcitabine application that have palliative benefit but do not lead to survival benefits. We present the results of preclinical and clinical studies using combination chemotherapies that include 41.8 degrees C whole-body hyperthermia for pancreatic adenocarci...

Serotonin is believed as an important factor in brain function. The role of serotonin in cerebral psycho-patho-physiology has already been well established. However, the function of serotonin antagonist in anesthetized subjects under hyperthermia has not been studied properly. Methods: Experiments were performed in three groups of urethane-anesthetized rats, such as: (i) control group, (ii) wh...

PURPOSE Two cases of malignant hyperthermia suspected to be related to the use of a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker are reported. SUMMARY A pharmacogenetic disorder that may occur in as many as 1 in 3000 anesthesia procedures, malignant hyperthermia has been linked to the use of certain anesthetic gases and depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., succinylcholine). Although non...

Interoduction: Ultrasound images have often low contrast due to small differences in acoustic impedance between different tissues. Air or gas microbubbles that surrounded by membrane are most of the contrast agents in ultrasound imaging. Problems such as instability in sound pressure and inability in penetrating from the blood vessel into body tissues limited the use of microbubbles into the in...