This study aimed to identify the aromatic compounds present in different aroma types of table grape varieties and deeply understand changes during growth development process. The skin flesh three (‘Kyoho’, ‘Shine Muscat’, ‘Ryuho’) stages were selected determine their using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry principal component analysis. results showed tha...

Cryopreservation is an efficient way to store spermatozoa and plays a critical role in the livestock industry as well as in clinical practice. During cryopreservation, cryo-stress causes substantial damage to spermatozoa. In present study, the effects of cryo-stress at various cryopreservation steps, such as dilution / cooling, adding cryoprtectant, and freezing were studied in spermatozoa coll...

This study was designed to gain insight into the influence of spraying and cooling, during artificial incubation, on the embryo metabolic rate and hatching ability of Muscovy duck eggs. Three times a week 93 incubated eggs were sprayed and cooled for 0.5 h at room temperature. Daily embryo metabolic rate was measured in 30 eggs with a water vapor conductance ranging from 1.15 to 2.07 mg/day-kPa...

perlite or pearl stone is a natural glass which has formed by rapid cooling of viscous lava or magma. perlite is mainly composed of silica, aluminum, potassium and sodium. in this experiment, perlite was used as a low-cost source of si and al to synthesis of sodalite zeolite using the alkaline hydrothermal treatment. a statistical taguchi design of experiments was employed to evaluate the effec...

Owing to the kinetic nature of the glass transition, the ability to significantly alter the properties of amorphous solids by the typical routes to the vitreous state is restricted. For instance, an order of magnitude change in the cooling rate merely modifies the value of the glass transition temperature (T(g)) by a few degrees. Here we show that matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE...

This paper presents a comparison between different multiobjective optimization approaches that can be used to optimize the design of thermal equipment. Plate heat exchanger is taken as case study to apply different optimization techniques. The thermal-hydrodynamic characteristics of single phase turbulent flow in chevron-type plate heat exchangers with sinusoidal-shaped corrugations have been u...

The deswelling and swelling behaviors of poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-based hydrogel synthesized by a one-pot microwave-assisted solvent-free reaction were investigated. A distinct hydrophobic collapse of the hydrogel compared with the corresponding aqueous solution was observed by FT-IR spectroscopy combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) and perturbation-correlation mo...

We study the ground-state cooling of a mechanical oscillator linearly coupled to the charge of a quantum dot inserted between a normal metal and a superconducting contact. Such a system can be realized, e.g., by a suspended carbon nanotube quantum dot with a capacitive coupling to a gate contact. Focusing on the subgap transport regime, we analyze the inelastic Andreev reflections which drive t...