While psychopaths (PP) lack anticipatory fear, social phobics (SP) are characterized by excessive fear. Criminal PP, SP and healthy controls (HC) participated in differential aversive delay conditioning with neutral faces as conditioned (CS) and painful pressure as unconditioned stimuli. Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed differential activation in the limbic–prefrontal circuit (orb...

The introduction situates the ‘hard problem’ in its historical context and argues that the problem has two sides: the output side (the Kant-Eccles problem of the freedom of the Will) and the input side (the problem of qualia). The output side ultimately reduces to whether quantum mechanics can affect the operation of synapses. A discussion of the detailed molecular biology of synaptic transmiss...

Biorefinery aims at designing new virtuous and high-efficiency energy chains, achieving the combined production of biofuels (e.g., bioethanol) and biobased products. This emerging philosophy can represent an important opportunity for the industrial world, exploiting a new kind of nano-smart biomaterials in their production chains. This paper will present the lab experience carried out by the Bi...

Methods We used self-constructed models to simulate the aortic root. The related structures were constructed. Aortomitral angle of 120 degrees was created in the models. We performed three enlargement procedures 1. Manougian 2. Nicks 3. Nunez. Manougian and Nunez incisions were made through the commissure between the left and the Non coronary cusps (NCC) where Manougian extended through the ant...

This paper endeavors to present a scheme to detect and estimate bottleneck bandwidth along the path in the Internet. We have participated in the RIPE NCC’s TTM project to perform one-way delay (OWD) and loss measurement from a host in our laboratory to other hosts in Europe and USA. TTM is an active measurement system, which has implemented the IPPM one-way delay (RFC2679) and one-way loss metr...

where vectors u and v with ui, vi ∈ [0, 255] denote pixel intensities of 3×3 patches being compared. We use = 10 to downweight textureless regions with low variance. The NCC score is truncated and inverted to obtain a per-pixel matching cost C(x, y, d) = 1 − max(0,NCC(x, y, d)). In our implementation, these per-pixel matching costs C and the pairwise terms Vpq (Equation 1) are multiplied by 255...