Main Outcome Measures: Outcomes included life expectancy, quality-adjusted life expectancy, and lifetime costs. Cost-effectiveness ratios were in dollars per qualityadjusted life year ($/QALY) gained. Results: In the general population, screening 1 time, every 2 years, and annually saved 1.6, 4.4, and 5.2 QALYs per 1000 persons screened, with incremental costeffectiveness ratios of $10 100/QALY...

Past work related to the private prison system has focused on direct comparisons between private and public facilities, including their respective quality, costeffectiveness, and influence on recidivism. Using 2005 United States data compiled from a prison facility census, county census, and information on number of arrests by county, I examine the effect that the presence of private prisons ha...

The measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a wellknown technique currently considered the gold standard of arterial stiffness quantification due to its simplicity, accuracy, reproducibility, and predictive value [1]. Recently, the guidelines from the European Society of Hypertension confirmed the PWV as a marker of organ damage having better cardiovascular predictive value, greater reprodu...

Materials and methods A pragmatic cluster, randomised, controlled trial compared the system of care against usual care. Randomisation was at the level of stroke service. Participants’ use of health/social care services and informal care were measured by self-complete questionnaires at baseline, 6 and 12 months. From these, we estimated and compared individual-level total costs from health/socia...

Transmission assessment surveys (TAS) for lymphatic filariasis have been proposed as a platform to assess the impact of mass drug administration (MDA) on soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). This study used computer simulation and field data from preand post-MDA settings across Kenya to evaluate the performance and costeffectiveness of the TAS design for STH assessment compared with alternative s...

We propose a new influence model for allocating budgets to advertising channels. Our model captures customer’s sensitivity to advertisements as a threshold behavior; a customer is expected to be influenced if the influence he receives exceeds his threshold. Over the threshold model, we discuss two optimization problems. The first one is the budget-constrained influence maximization. We propose ...

Imaging colorectal cancer has become a major indication for positron emission tomography using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG–PET). In primary diagnosis and staging, the role for this technique is limited but FDG–PET has proved highly accurate in the detection of recurrent tumour. The three main indications are (i) characterisation of a residual structural lesion after definitive therapy, (ii) pre-ope...

Due to the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and the increasing burden this is placing on society, an increased interest in possible treatment remedies of musculoskeletal pain is evident. The “news section” in a recent British Medical Journal reported that “complementary medicine is booming worldwide”. This is mainly the result of patient satisfaction, costeffectiveness of some of these comple...

[1] Bogduk N. On the definitions and physiology of back pain, referred, pain and radicular pain. Pain 2009;147:17–9. [2] Bogduk N. A cure for back pain? Pain 2010;149:7–8. [3] McGuirk B, Bogduk N. Evidence-based care for low back pain in workers eligible for compensation. Occup Med 2007;57:36–42. [4] McGuirk B, King W, Govind J, Lowry J, Bogduk N. The safety efficacy, and costeffectiveness of e...

Results Doctors working in conventional hospitals had comparatively negative consciousness regarding the basic concept, remedial value and necessity for collaborative practice and TKM. In regards with disease treatment’s effectiveness of collaborative practice, both groups evaluated musculoskeletal and immune disease were more effective than others. There were positive relationships between per...