PROBLEM/CONDITION Suicide is a public health problem and one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the United States. Substantial geographic variations in suicide rates exist, with suicides in rural areas occurring at much higher rates than those occurring in more urban areas. Understanding demographic trends and mechanisms of death among and within urbanization levels is important to develo...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a leading risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality in the United States, yet information about smoking prevalence and trends is not routinely available below the state level, impeding local-level action. METHODS We used data on 4.7 million adults age 18 and older from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 1996 to 2012. We derived ...

The epidemiology of Pierce's disease of grape (Vitis spp.) in California has changed over the past 10 yr due to the introduction of an exotic vector, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), the glassy-winged sharpshooter. Although this insect is highly polyphagous, citrus (Citrus spp.) is considered a preferred host and proximity to citrus has been implicated as a significant risk factor in recent ep...

OBJECTIVES This report details development of the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics' (NCHS) Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties (update of the 2006 NCHS scheme) and applies it to health measures to demonstrate urban-rural health differences. METHODS The methodology used to construct the 2013 NCHS scheme was the same as that used for the 2006 NCHS scheme, but 2010 census-ba...

the herd consisted of 25 captive esfahan mouflons and theiroffspring. the mouflons were wild and originated from theirnatural habitat in esfahan province. they had been kept in smallenclosures with rough concrete floors. the diet consisted ofalfalfa hay, corn silage, and a commercial concentrate. themouflons showed severe claw overgrowth and detectablesubclinical form of laminitis such as sole ...

Marketing for women’s sport and fitness includes any combination of skills related to the promotion, selling and advertising of women’s sport services and products through an organization whose primary product or service is related to sports or physical activity. This study explores the motives behind corporate purchase of fitness clubs participation as indicated by individuals who make such de...

INTRODUCTION Environmental factors-such as air and water pollution, lead exposure in homes, or aspects of urban design-influence the health of a community. Monitoring these environmental health influences is a core function of public health, making it necessary to identify critical priorities and effectively target outreach and intervention efforts. This paper reviews the methods used to develo...