A total of 119 unpasteurized milk samples taken from 63 cows, 29 goats and 27 sheep bred on 8 farms situated on the territory of the Lublin province (eastern Poland), an area of risk of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), were examined for the presence of RNA of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) by the nested RT-PCR method. Milk samples were also tested for the presence of anti-TBEV antibodies by...

Composition of milk fa t Cows’ milk fat consists mainly of triglycerides (98-99 g/100 g) together with smaller amounts of phospholipids (0 .9 ~ / I W g), cholesterol (0.3 g/100 g), carotenoids (6-7 pg/g), vitamin A (6-8 pg/g), vitamin D (0-5 pg cholecalciferoV1 oo g) and trace concentrations of other fat-soluble substances such as lanosterol, P-sitosterol, saturated hydrocarbons, squalene, glyc...

The objective of this study was to evaluate lactation response and AA utilization of early lactation cows fed 2 types of dried distillers grains with solubles (DG): regular (DDGS) or reduced-fat (RFDGS). Thirty-six Holstein cows 19.7+/-2.6 d in milk at the start of the experiment were used in a randomized complete block design for 14 wk including a 2-wk covariate period. Treatments consisted of...

Milking data of 34 single automatic milking system (AMS) units on 29 Galician dairy farms were analyzed to determine the system capacity in each farm under actual working conditions. Number of cows, milk yield, milkings per cow per day, actual milking time, rejected milking time, cleaning time, and machine downtime were used to determine the number of cows milked per AMS unit to obtain the opti...

The objective of this study was to investigate whether cows diagnosed with claw horn lesions during routine claw trimming had an altered milk fat percentage on test days preceding the diagnosis, compared with cows without such lesions. Data included date of trimming, cow number, type, and location of claw lesions recorded by a professional claw trimmer during routine trimming sessions on 11 com...

The concept of extended lactation should improve cow health and productivity while reducing greenhouse gas emissions per kg milk produced in high-yield organic dairy herds. This is achieved through fewer calvings per year and hence production of fewer replacement heifers. Combined with fewer days dry per cow per year, this will reduce the annual herd requirement for feed while maintaining milk ...

Background Milk allergy is the most common food allergy in infants and young children. Typical milk allergy symptoms involve hives, vomiting, or even anaphylaxis. For cow’s milk, strict avoidance is difficult because milk proteins are very ubiquitous. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is an effective therapeutic option to induce milk oral tolerance. However, the immune mechanisms underlying this treatme...

Background Although cow’s milk allergy is considered as food allergy prototype, true prevalence of cow’s milk allergy in Lithuania is not known. Aims of this research were to determine the prevalence of sensitization to cow’s milk in EuroPrevall Lithuanian birth cohort, to evaluate the relationship between children age and gender, sensitization to other allergens, relationship between sensitiza...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to describe the relationship between milk yield and lactation number, stage, length and milking frequency in Korean Holstein dairy cows using an automatic milking system (AMS). METHODS The original data set consisted of observations from April to October 2016 of 780 Holstein cows, with a total of 10,751 milkings. Each time a cow was milked by an AMS ...

The association of birth type (single vs. double) and pregnancy type (single vs. double) with lactation performance and lactation curve was investigated in Holstein cows in Iran. Data of 243298 lactations on 138021 cows in 261 herds collected during January 2000 to December 2012 were used. The average twinning rate was 3.64% and ranged from 1.44% (primiparous) to 5.41% (multiparous). Factors as...