The factors associated with severity of the bicycle crashes may differ across different bicycle crash patterns. Therefore, it is important to identify distinct bicycle crash patterns with homogeneous attributes. The current study aimed at identifying subgroups of bicycle crashes in Italy and analyzing separately the different bicycle crash types. The present study focused on bicycle crashes tha...

The number of single-bicycle crash victims is substantial in countries with high levels of cycling. To study the role of visual characteristics of the infrastructure, such as pavement markings, in single-bicycle crashes, a study in two steps was conducted. In Study 1, a questionnaire study was conducted among bicycle crash victims (n = 734). Logistic regression was used to study the relationshi...

Although a lot of work has been devoted to developing crash severity models to predict the probabilities of crashes for different severity levels, very few studies have considered the underreporting issue in the modeling process. Inferences about a population of interest will be biased if crash data are treated as a random sample coming from the population without considering the different unre...

The study describes an investigation of the relationship between crash occurrence and hourly volume counts for small samples of highway segments from two states: Michigan and Connecticut. We used a hierarchical Bayesian framework to fit binary regression models for predicting crash occurrence for each of four crash types: (1) single-vehicle, (2) multi-vehicle same direction, (3) multi-vehicle o...

This work was performed to determine relations between car mass and driver injuries (serious or fatal) when cars of similar mass crash into each other head-on. This type of crash is examined because it is considered similar in some respects to a barrier crash. Data from the United States Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS) are used to examine driver fatality likelihood as a function of car m...

This paper addresses a novel idea of real-time traffic safety improvement on freeways. First by predicting traffic crashes on the freeway mainline using on-line loop detector data, then by proposing ITS remediation strategies to reduce the crash risk in real-time. The results of the predictive models were found to be consistent with the probable mechanisms of crashes under different flow regime...

Extended abstract We show that the cusp catastrophe model explains the crash of stock exchanges much better than alternative linear and logistic models. On the data of U.S. stock markets we demonstrate that the crash of October 19, 1987 may be better explained by cusp catastrophe theory, which is not true for the crash of Sept. 11, 2001. With the help of sentiment measures, such as index put/ca...

Airbag Control Module (ACM) is designed to detect the vehicle crash, measure the severity and to deploy airbags if necessary. ACM‟s another function is to record the crash related data from vehicles internal accelerometers and sensors from different modules. The system is also known as Event Data Recorder (EDR). This paper describes the operations of an EDR, which detects the crash based on pre...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of maternal involvement in motor vehicle crashes on the likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes and to estimate the effect of seatbelt use in reducing the occurrence of those outcomes. METHODS Statewide motor vehicle crash, birth, and fetal death records from 1992 to 1999 were probabilistically linked. Logistic regression was used to compare the likelihood of a...

This paper newly proposes a novel round-based synchronous system suffering crash and probabilistic omission failures. In this model, a novel class of adversaries, called p-probabilistic omission adversary (pPOA) is introduced. In addition to the ability of complete control of the crash-failure behavior, p-POA can select any subset of all transmitted messages as omission candidates. Then, each m...