INTRODUCTION DMD is an X-linked recessive disease which occurs due to deficiency of dystrophin; an important component of muscle cytoskeleton. It is the most common form of muscular dystrophy affecting 1 in 3300 live male births. In spite of extensive research in humans and mdx mouse models no satisfactory therapeutic approach has been developed. In DMD patients, low phosphocreatine (PCr) / pho...

BACKGROUND Present study was designed to report the effect of 2% creatine monohydrate supplementation for 8, 12 and 15 weeks on hematology and serum biochemical profile of male albino mouse following hypoxic ischemic insult on postnatal day 10. METHODS 66 Blood samples (2% creatine monohydrate supplemented (N = 34) and unsupplemented (N = 32)) were analyzed for various hematological (blood gl...

AIMS To assess the effects of dietary creatine supplementation on skeletal muscle metabolism and endurance in patients with chronic heart failure. METHODS A forearm model of muscle metabolism was used, with a cannula inserted retrogradely into an antecubital vein of the dominant forearm. Maximum voluntary contraction was measured using handgrip dynanometry. Subjects performed handgrip exercis...

The semi-essential nutrient creatine is an important molecule in the cellular energy metabolism for short term energy storage. Energy from surplus adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) can quickly be overtaken by creatine and vice versa. Supplemental guanidino acetic acid (GAA) is a natural precursor of creatine and might be used as creatine source. Either no (negative control), 0.20, 0.40, or 0.60 g/k...

The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Vitenskapskomiteen mattrygghet, VKM) has at the request of Authority (Mattilsynet) conducted an assessment creatine in sports products (e.g. supplements). evaluation been performed by ad hoc group, and assessed VKM Panel on nutrition, dietetic products, novel food allergy.
 
 safety possible risks supplementation this opinion is base...

Background A typical oral creatine supplementation regimen involving a 5-7 day “loading phase” of 20-25 grams/day followed by a “maintenance phase” of 5-7 grams/day is typically considered as necessary to adequately saturate skeletal muscle as a lesser dose of creatine is insufficient in doing so. This rationale also assumes that the majority, if not all, of the creatine ingested at this dosage...

PURPOSE The effects of creatine and exercise on chronic stress-induced depression are unclear. In the present study, we identified the effects of 4-week supplementation of creatine monohydrate and/or exercise on antidepressant behavior and raphe 5-HT expression in a chronic mild stress-induced depressed mouse model. METHODS Seven-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (n=48) were divided randomly into 5 ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term and chronic effects of β-ALA supplementation with and without creatine monohydrate on body composition, aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance, and muscle carnosine and creatine levels in college-aged recreationally active females. METHODS Thirty-two females were randomized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled manner into...

INTRODUCTION Taekwondo (TKD) is a combat sport, which has also been proposed as a fitness program, with a strong anaerobic component. Creatine (Cr) supplementation is used to improve both anaerobic exercise performance and body composition. Therefore, Cr supplementation could be beneficial in TKD. AIMS To determine the effect of Cr supplementation (50 mg/kg body wt) on body composition, anaer...