Liquid Crystals have many applications in photonics, but often the geometrical properties of the photonic structures give problems for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal. We demonstrate the effect on the orientation of a nematic liquid crystal by structures etched in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) wafers, produced by photolithography. We characterize the alignment effect of several pat...

The title 1,3,4-oxa-diazole-2-thione derivative, C18H20N4OS2, crystallized with two independent mol-ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. The 2-thienyl rings in both mol-ecules are rotationally disordered over two orientations by approximately 180° about the single C-C bond that connects it to the oxa-diazole thione ring; the ratios of site occupancies for the major and minor components were...

the aim of this study was to design the strategic orientations model of market, brand and entrepreneurship in the food industry in iran.  the organizational decisions are not formed  in a vacuum but in the economic and cultural environmental context of each country, they are much influenced by many different factors. this study is of applied type and was conducted in two stages. first after an ...

The crystal structure of buttgenbachite from Likasi (Congo) was solved by a threedimensional Patterson function, computed using intensity data collected photographically by the Weissenberg method, and refined by successive Fourier maps and least-squares refinement to an R index o.o55 for 328 independent observed reflections. The cell content resulting from the structural analysis is Cua6.eCl0.7...

The growth of exchange-biased MnPd/Fe bilayers has been investigated using x-ray diffraction. The bilayers were deposited on MgO(001) substrates in an ultrahigh-vacuum ion-beam sputter system. It was found that the orientation of the MnPd unit cell and the crystalline quality could be controlled as a function of the deposition temperature. Twinned a-axis oriented MnPd films are obtained below 1...

Ž . We calculated the structure of water in contact with the MgO 100 surface by using the three-dimensional reference Ž . interaction site model 3D-RISM integral equation theory. The spatial distributions of water oxygen and hydrogen over the surface unit cell are calculated and discussed. The water density profiles and the orientations obtained are in good agreement with computer simulations f...

The structure of the title compound, C14H15ClN2O4, prepared by reaction of a methacryloyl dimer with nitro-aniline, was determined to establish the relative substituent orientation on the cyclo-penta-none ring. In agreement with an earlier proposed reaction mechanism, the amide group and the methyl group adjacent to the chloro substituent adopt equatorial positions and relative cis orientation,...

In this paper, we numerically determine the effective stress-strain relation of some two-dimensional polycrystals. These are aggregates of a few tens of perfectly bonded single-crystal (hexagonal atomic lattice) grains, with varying orientations. Each grain obeys a given nonlinear viscoplastic stress-strain relation, which depends on the orientation of the grain. Precise calculations performed ...

The two title compounds are isomers of C6H3ClN2 containing a pyridine ring, a nitrile group, and a chloro substituent. The mol-ecules of each compound pack together in the solid state with offset face-to-face π-stacking, and inter-molecular C-H⋯Nnitrile and C-H⋯Npyridine inter-actions. 4-Chloro-pyridine-2-carbo-nitrile, (I), exhibits pairwise centrosymmetric head-to-head C-H⋯Nnitrile and C-H⋯Np...

We study the effect of shear flow on homogeneous crystal nucleation, using Brownian dynamics simulations in combination with an umbrella samplinglike technique. The symmetry breaking due to shear results in anisotropic radial distribution functions. The homogeneous shear rate suppresses crystal nucleation and leads to an increase of the size of the critical nucleus. These observations can be de...