A recent study of cat visual cortex reported abrupt changes in the positions of the receptive fields of adjacent neurons whose preferred orientations strongly differed (Das & Gilbert, 1997). Using a simple cortical model, we show that this covariation of discontinuities in maps of orientation preference and local distortions in maps of visual space reflects collective effects of the lateral cor...

An X-ray crystal structure of two N-terminal integrin-binding IgSF domains of human VCAM-1 is reported. This new crystal form shows an unusual and highly hydrated packing arrangement in which over 80% of the crystal is occupied by solvent. The relative orientations of the two domains adopt a new intermediate conformation. The tilt angle between the two domains is 19.4 degrees, compared with oth...

PURPOSE The kind and the degree of preferred collagen fibril orientation in normal human corneal stroma were investigated as important qualities of the cornea with respect to its mechanical properties and, hence, to refractive surgery. To determine whether this information is relevant to corneal disease, the authors investigated collagen fibril orientation in several corneas with keratoconus. ...

We demonstrate second-harmonic generation in photonic crystal cavities in (001)and (111)B-oriented GaAs. The fundamental resonance is at 1800 nm, leading to generated second harmonic below the GaAs band gap. Belowband-gap operation minimizes absorption of the secondharmonic and two-photon absorption of the pump. Photonic crystal cavities were fabricated in both orientations at various in-plane ...

We examined in anesthetized macaque how the responses of a striate cortical neuron to patterns inside the receptive field were altered by surrounding patterns outside it. The changes in a neuron's response brought about by a surround are immediate and transient: they arise with the same latency as the response to a stimulus within the receptive field (this argues for a source locally in striate...

Evolution of microstructure morphologies and grain orientations of Cu-Cu bonded wafers during bonding and annealing were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction. The bonded Cu grain structure reaches steady state after post-bonding anneal. An abnormal (220) grain growth was observed during the initial bonding process. Upon annealing, the ...

The induction of different crystal morphologies is of crucial importance for many applications. In this work, the preparation of various crystal morphologies within clotrimazole films on glass substrates is demonstrated. Amorphous clotrimazole thin films were transformed via vapor annealing into crystalline structures; highly monodisperse/multidisperse crystallites, spherulite, or dendritic str...

Fabric analysis of the upper 1300m of the Dome C ice core reveals a slight clustering tendency of c axes towards vertical, which gradually enhances with depth from an initially isotropic orientational distribution of c axes at the free surface. Such a strain induced anisotropy is compatible with the expected macroscale stress state in a dome, viz. dominated by vertical compression. Yet, when on...

Human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 play important roles in drug metabolism and chemical carcinogenesis. Although these two enzymes share high sequence identity, they display different substrate specificities and inhibitor susceptibilities. In the present studies, we investigated the structural basis for these differences with phenacetin as a probe using a number of complementary approaches, suc...

Orientation tuning has been studied extensively in the visual system, but little is known about it in the somatosensory system. Here we investigate tuning in the second somatosensory (SII) region using a motorized stimulator that presented a small oriented bar to the 12 finger pads of digits 2-5 (D2-D5) of the macaque monkey. A subset (23%; n = 218) of the 928 SII region neurons [the same 928 n...