As the gravel is a vital component of soil that affects hydrothermal condition, its application can help improve numerical simulations. In this study, data set containing content suitable to Weather Research and Forecasting Model-Community Land Model version 4 (WRF-CLM4) firstly established, parameterization scheme coupled WRF-CLM4. On basis, simulations are conducted over Tibetan Plateau, whos...

Abstract. Typhoon (TY) Haiyan was one of the most intense and highly destructive tropical cyclones (TCs) to affect Philippines. As such, it is regarded as a baseline for extreme TC hazards. Improving simulation such TCs will not only improve forecasting but also be essential in understanding potential sensitivity future with climate change. In this study, we investigate effects model configurat...

Background: Cryopreservation of oocytes, which is an interesting procedure to conserve female gametes, is an essential part of reproductive biotechnology. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of cumulus cells on survival,in vitro maturation,fertilization and subsequent developmental capacity of mouse germinal vesicle stage oocytes during vitrification. Materials and...

A new approach is proposed for stochastic parameterization of subgrid scale processes in models of atmospheric or oceanic circulation. The new approach relies on two key ingredients. First, the unresolved processes are represented by a Markov chain whose properties depend on the state of the resolved model variables. Second, the properties of this conditional Markov chain are inferred from data...

Cell-to-cell communication was characterized in cumulus-oocyte complexes from rat ovarian follicles before and after ovulation. Numerous, small gap junctional contacts were present between cumulus cells and oocytes before ovulation. The gap junction are formed on the oocyte surface by cumulus cell processes that transverse the zona pellucida and contact the oolemma. The entire cumulus mass was ...

background: in vitro maturation (ivm) of oocytes is a promising technique to reduce the costs and avert the side-effects of gonadotropin stimulation for in vitro fertilization (ivf). the pregnancy rates from oocytes matured in vitro are much lower than those of in vivo stimulation cycles, indicating that optimization of ivm remains a challenge. objective: in this study, we investigated the effe...