Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas and a major cause of stratospheric ozone depletion, yet its sources and sinks remain poorly quantified in the oceans. We used isotope tracers to directly measure N2O reduction rates in the eastern tropical North Pacific. Because of incomplete denitrification, N2O cycling rates are an order of magnitude higher than predicted by current models in s...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between environmental, social, and personal factors and cycling for transportation among university students. METHODS Five hundred and thirty-eight university students participated in the questionnaire study. Multi-nominal regression analysis was applied to identify associations between independent variables and cycling behavior. RESULTS Forty-one percen...

The lifetime of the solder joint between base plate and ceramic substrate is usually tested by passively heating and cooling the IGBT module (thermal cycling). This provokes failures (delamination) in that solder layer. But, the IGBT and diode dies are actively heated in the application. Other failure modes (e.g. bond wire lift off) are addressed and limit the lifetime. This kind of stress is u...

Participation in competitive bicycling has increased substantially over the past decade, and bicycle injuries have increased accordingly. Cycling has been reported in several studies to have higher rates of injury than other sports and recreational activities; accordingly, riders must be cognizant of the potential for injury and protect themselves appropriately. The purpose of the current study...

OBJECTIVE   Rapid cycling is associated with longer illness duration and greater illness severity in bipolar disorder. The aim of the present study was to review the existing published randomized trials investigating the effect of treatment on patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorder. METHODS   A MEDLINE search was conducted using combinations of the following key words: bipolar and rapid...

Cycling is the most energy efficient mode of transport and modal shift can bring extensive environmental, health and economic benefits. Despite this, only 2% of the Irish population cycle to work, school or college. Research has highlighted safety concerns as the major barrier, with negative perceptions of safety as well as concrete safety risks impeding the growth of cycling. Overcoming such n...

BACKGROUND Cycling is an attractive form of transport. It is beneficial to the individual as a form of physical activity that may fit more readily into an individual's daily routine, such as for cycling to work and to the shops, than other physical activities such as visiting a gym. Cycling is also beneficial to the wider community and the environment as a result of fewer motorised journeys. Cy...

Despite rapid progress in characterizing the yeast metabolic cycle, its connection to the cell division cycle (CDC) has remained unclear. We discovered that a prototrophic batch culture of budding yeast, growing in a phosphate-limited ethanol medium, synchronizes spontaneously and goes through multiple metabolic cycles, whereas the fraction of cells in the G1/G0 phase of the CDC increases monot...

Learning to ride a bicycle and enjoying the pleasures of cycling are synonymous with childhood; unfortunately, cycling does not come without risk of serious injury. Children under 15 years old account for the majority of cycling time in the United States, and on average, 1 child dies every day from a bicycle-related injury. Health care professionals can play an important role in making cycling ...