This unit describes protocols for the generation of polyclonal T(H)1 and T(H)2 cell lines from naive CD4(+) T cells as well as for generation of antigen-specific cell lines from TCR-transgenic mice and antigen-specific T cell clones from primed mice. Also described are methods for the preparation and maintenance of alloreactive murine helper T (T(H)) lymphocyte and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) ...

We have studied early transmembrane events in mouse alloimmune cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (LC7, H-2b) activation by specific target cells (mouse mastocytoma P815, H-2d) and a mitogenic lectin, Con A, by using stopped-flow fluorometry with three different fluorescent probes. After binding to target cells (P815), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (LC7) first increased their membrane fluidity and, then, calcium...

Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are immune checkpoint inhibitors that effectively esteemed destinations of immunotherapies for the management melanoma several cancers. The monotherapy included monoclonal antibodies approved such as Ipilimumab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab planned to restrict with T-cell inhibitory signals activate response...

Using a monolayer adsorption technique, the fine specificity of cytotoxic effector T lymphocytes (CTL) generated against allogeneic or semi-allogeneic H-2 haplotypes was investigated. The results show that: (a) CTL reacting with the private specificity expressed on an H-2.K molecule can be separated from those reacting with the public specificities expressed on the same molecule and (b) the CTL...

Superimposed on the heterogeneous anti-H-2Kb cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) receptor repertoire of allogeneic murine strains are reactivities that recur with high frequency amongst individuals of any given strain. These receptor specificities represent phenotypic markers of the CTL repertoire and, as such, have been used to compare receptor repertoires of genetically disparate strains. The result...

Evidence has been accumulating that shows that insulin-dependent diabetes is subject to immunoregulation. To determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is involved, we injected anti-CTLA-4 mAb into a TCR transgenic model of diabetes at different stages of disease. When injected into young mice, months before they would normally become diabetic, anti-CTLA-4 induced di...

Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR)-activated T cells were analyzed according to the expression of various cell surface markers by the specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) generated in the MLR. CTL were found exclusively in a population of MLR-activated T cells that lacked detectable Fc gamma R but that expressed a surface antigen recognized by the 4F2 monoclonal antibody. In contrast, CTL were f...

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of virus infections and tumors occurs over a wide range of conditions. The spatial environments in which CTLs encounter target cells vary from narrow vessels, to two-dimensional epithelial tissues, to densely populated 3-dimensional (3D) T cell areas within lymphoid tissues. How such spatial environments alter the functional response of CTL-mediated...

In a previous study, zidovudine (ZDV) was shown to cause a concentration-dependent inhibition of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clonal expansion (S. Francke, C. G. Orosz, K. A. Hayes, and L. E. Mathes, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:1900-1905, 2000). However, this suppressive effect was lost if exposure to ZDV was delayed for 24 to 48 h during the antigen sensitization period, ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dendritic cell (DC) therapy in osteosarcoma. Bone marrow DCs from Wistar (allograft group) and Sprague Dawley (SD) (homograft group) rats were electrically fused with the SD-derived osteosarcoma cell line UMR106 to generate a DC-osteosarcoma fusion (DOF) tumor vaccine, which was co-incubated with SD T lymphocytes to stimulate T cell prolif...