Skidding in peat swamp plantation forest requires high skill and alertness, particularly relation to damage, which includes subsidence as such a damage. The objective of this research is analyze the effect skidding operator’s on productivity, cost forest. method comprised operation conducted by two different operators with working experience, followed measuring average productivity cost, elevat...

The target of stand-alone hybrid power generation system was to supply the load demand with high reliability and economically as possible. An intelligent optimization technique using Genetic Algorithm is required to design the system. This study utilized Genetic Algorithm method to determine the optimal capacities of hydrogen, wind turbines and micro-hydro unit according to the minimum cost obj...

9. Huot C, De Serres G, Duval B, MarandaAubut R, Ouakki M, Skowronski DM. The cost of preventing rabies at any cost: post-exposure prophylaxis for occult bat contact. Vaccine. 2008;26:4446–50. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.076 10. Frantz SC, Laniewicz BR. Comprehensive management of commensal bats. In: Brittingham MC, Kays J, McPeake R, editors. The ninth wildlife damage management conference p...

Wildfires present a complex applied risk management environment, but relatively little attention has been paid to behavioral and cognitive responses to risk among public agency wildfire managers. This study investigates responses to risk, including probability weighting and risk aversion, in a wildfire management context using a survey-based experiment administered to federal wildfire managers....

Four rodent control techniques-sustained baiting (SB) with cournachlor. pulsed baiting (PB) with brodifacoum. a lethal electrified barrier (LEB), and a nonlethal electrified barrier (NLEB)-were evaluated on the experimental fann of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines. A fifth treatment (no experimental rodent control) was established for reference. Mean tiller da...

In this study, a frame work for verification of famous seismic codes is utilized. To verify the seismic codes performance, damage quantity of RC frames is compared with the target performance. Due to the randomness property of seismic design and earthquake loads excitation, in this paper, fragility curves are developed. These diagrams are utilized to evaluate performance level of structures whi...

General cost for CNC machining and the associated energy cost are set in the context of making economic and environmental improvements. This creates an incentive for manufacturing companies to investigate the energy efficiency of manufacturing processes. The paper presents a costing model, based on machining experiments. The model is accompanied with an industry based case to estimate the cost ...

...................................................................................... 5 I. Environmental values and valuation approaches........... 7 1. The economic concept of environmental value .................... 7 2. Willingness-to-pay and willingness-to-accept ...................... 8 3. Classifying environmental values ......................................... 9 4. Valuation approaches...