Web processes are made up of services as their units of functionality. The services are represented as a graph and compose a synergy of service. The composite service is prone to failure due to various causes. However, the end-user should receive a smooth and non-interrupted execution. Atomic replacement of a failed Web service to recover the system is a straightforward approach. Nevertheless, ...

Probability models are frequently used in numerous healthcare, sports, and policy studies. These probability use datasets to identify patterns, analyze lifetime scenarios, predict outcomes of interest, etc. Therefore, have been studied, introduced, implemented. In this paper, we also propose a novel model for analyzing data different sectors, particularly biomedical sports sciences. The is call...

The purpose of this note is to take a few steps toward a first order logic of incomplete information, based on the idea that such a logic may be obtained by importing an essential ingredient of probability theory, conditional expectation, into the logic. The reason that we focus on conditional expectation is that it is often used to model a kind of incomplete knowledge that is of interest in it...

For the past 50 years, the medical profession has understood ‘‘brain death’’ to represent the endpoint of a neuropathologic vicious cycle. An initial major brain injury sets off a mutually exacerbating cascade of cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, and decreased cerebral blood flow, which advances beyond some point-of-no-return to a state of no cerebral blood flow and total brain i...

As GMPLS and its supporting set of protocols develop into a viable control plane for optical networks, an important function that they will need to support will be the restoration and protection function that has been a major feature of legacy optical networks. Several models have been proposed for protection with GMPLS using shared backup paths. This previous work has not investigated the effe...