today, mobile phone as one of manifestations of new communication technology plays an important role in human individual and social life and it is included an inseparable part in their daily relations so that we can claim that life is impossible without it for many of people or at least it doesn't have any desirability. the influence of mobile phone applications in life different matters, ...

Background and aims: Infertility is one of the most important conditions in reproductive system and there is no reliable estimates for global prevalence of infertility. Therefore, knowing the prevalence of infertility is important and can be effective in decision making. Methods: We systematically reviewed all published papers in Medline database and Scopus (1988–2010). Univariate and multivar...

Knowledge management and innovation management are logically linked. However, the alignment of their respective deployment mechanisms is still not obvious. An analysis of the Innovation and Knowledge Life Cycles shows that the Knowledge Life Cycle can be deployed (partially) at each step of the Innovation Life Cycle. This implies that different, specific knowledge management tools could be used...

Knowledge management and innovation management are logically linked. However, the alignment of their respective deployment mechanisms is still not obvious. An analysis of the Innovation and Knowledge Life Cycles shows that the Knowledge Life Cycle can be deployed (partially) at each step of the Innovation Life Cycle. This implies that different, specific knowledge management tools could be used...

Dung’s abstract theory of argumentation has become established as a general framework for various species of non-monotonic reasoning, and reasoning in the presence of conflict. A Dung framework consists of arguments related by attacks, and the extensions of a framework, and so the status of arguments, are defined under different semantics. Developments of Dung’s work have also defined argument ...

In recent years, two distinct lines of work have focused on the substrates of associative learning and on the mechanisms of economic decisions. While experiments often focused the same brain regions - most notably the orbitofrontal cortex - the two literatures have remained largely distinct. Here we engage in a dialogue with the intent to clarify the relationship between the two frameworks. We ...

The increased demand for distributed computations on big data has led to solutions such as SCOPE, DryadLINQ, Pig, and Hive, which allow the user to specify queries in an SQL-like language, enriched with sets of user-defined operators. The lack of exact semantics for user-defined operators interferes with the query optimization process, thus putting the burden of suggesting, at least partial, qu...

background : we need a defined population for determining prevalence and incidence of diseases, as well as conducting interventional, cohort and longitudinal studies, calculating correct and timely public health indicators, assessing actual health needs of community, performing educational programs and interventions to promote healthy lifestyle, and enhancing quality of primary health services....