In this study, a stochastic model is developed to analyze performance measures of a manufacturing cell, which is operated under degraded mode. The model is used to determine reliability and productivity of the cell, as well as the utilization of its components, under equipment failures and fault-tolerant states. The model and the results can be useful for design engineers and operational manage...

To examine the effects of cultivation and grazing on evapotranspiration (ET), continuous measurements of ET were conducted over almost two years, from December 2005 to September 2007, using the eddycovariance technique in two paired ecosystems: a steppe and a cropland in Duolun and a fenced and a degraded steppe in Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, China. The ET of the four ecosystems approached or exc...

In this study, a stochastic model is developed to analyze performance measures of a manufacturing cell, which is allowed to operate under degraded mode. The model is used to determine reliability and productivity of the cell, as well as the utilization of its components, under various operational conditions, including equipment failures and fault-tolerant states. The model and the results can b...

Abstract: The present investigation deals with the multi component machine repair problem by including the concepts of reneging and interdependent controlled rates. We consider a machining system consisting of M operating units, S1 and S2 warm spares of two kinds and a repair facility having R permanent repairmen and r additional removable repairmen. When all the spares are used and the operati...

Conventional dependability measures, such as reliability or availability, assume that the equipment characterized by the measure is either operational or has failed. This dichotomy does not hold for decentralized or distributed systems because these can operate in modes in which partial or degraded service is furnished. Whether a specific degraded mode should be counted as "operational" or "fai...

Rangeland ecosystems cover approximately one-third of the land area in the United States and half of the land area of California. This large land area, coupled with the propensity of grasses to allocate a considerable proportion of their photosynthate belowground, leads to high soil carbon (C) sequestration potential. Annual grasslands typical of the Mediterranean climates of the western United...

It is critical for managers to understand the basic fundamental differences of managing introduced and rangeland forages. In the eastern part of Texas, introduced species dominate forage-based livestock production systems. As you move west of the IH35 corridor from Denton to San Antonio and then west of IH37 from San Antonio to Corpus Christi, however, you will notice few introduced species are...

livestock grazing and rangelands fire are important ecological disturbances influencing the vegetation and soil properties in rangelands ecosystem. this study was conducted to determine the effects of different burned treatments and distances from the water sources on some soil and vegetation properties of rangelands ecosystem. the experiment was conducted in lashgar dar rangelands. vegetation ...