Using three novel formats, we compare four estimates of the spectral sensitivity of the opponent stage channels: a Linear Model, Jameson and Hurvich's [Journal of the Optical Society of America, 45, 546-552 (1955)] hue cancellation sensitivities, Gordon and Abramov's [Optical Society of America Technical Digest Series, 15, 12-15 (1987)] hue scaling, and hue matching. The three formats are: the ...

Simulation of traffic control is very important nowadays for dealing with increasing urban traffic. It helps to construct the strategy of traffic lights switching and determine alternative path in the case of an accident or traffic jam. In the paper we present the application of simulation tool DYNASIM being used by French company DYNALOGIC. It has big number of alternative possibilities in mod...

Traffic management is the critical issue of the road. Traffic lights play an important role in the traffic management. The existing traffic lights follow the predetermined sequence. So these lights are called static traffic lights. These traffic lights are not capable to count the number of vehicles and the priority of the vehicles on intersection point. As a result some vehicles have to wait e...

The traffic lights play an indispensable role in urban road safety and researches on intelligent vehicles become more popular recently. In this paper an automatic system for robust and real-time detection and recognition of traffic lights for intelligent vehicles based on vehicle-mounted camera is proposed. The method applying image processing and pattern recognition theory mainly works in thre...

BACKGROUND Many smokers believe that "light" cigarettes are less harmful than regular cigarettes, which is at variance with the scientific evidence. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) aims to address this problem in Article 11 which deals with misleading labelling of tobacco products. In this study we aimed to determine smokers' use and beliefs concerning "light" and "mild" ciga...

SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) under severe occlusions in crowded environments poses challenges both from the standpoint of the sensor and the SLAM algorithm. In several approaches, the sensor is a camera pointing to the ceiling to detect the lights. Nevertheless, in these conditions the density of landmarks is usually low, and the use of omnidirectional cameras plays an important...

In this work we characterize different types of solutions of a vector optimization problem by means of a scalarization procedure. Usually different scalarizing functions are used in order to obtain the various solutions of the vector problem. Here we consider different kinds of solutions of the same scalarized problem. Our results allow us to establish a parallelism between the solutions of the...

In this paper I recall the reasons in favour of extending the classical conception of truth to include degrees of truth as well as truth value gaps and gluts, then provide a sketch of a new system of logic that provides all of these simultaneously. Despite its power, the resulting system is quite simple, combining degrees of truth and degrees of falsity to provide a very flexible and elegant co...

Abstract This paper proposes a framework for representing in Bayesian terms the idea that analogical arguments of various degrees strength may provide inductive support to yet untested scientific hypotheses. On this account, contextual information plays crucial role determining whether, and what extent, given similarity or dissimilarity between source target confirm an empirical hypothesis over...