This report evaluates and demonstrates technical methods of comparing point source (PS) and non-point source (NPS) nutrient discharges that can be used for developing credit scoring methods for a water quality trading system. We evaluate the state of the science for evaluating hydrologic functions within watersheds and for linking those physical functions to water quality and environmental outc...

The effects of nutrient loading from the Mississippi River basin on the areal extent of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico were examined using a novel application of a dissolved oxygen model for a river. The model, driven by river nitrogen load and a simple parameterization of ocean dynamics, reproduced 17 yr of observed hypoxia location and extent, subpycnocline oxygen consumption, and cro...

April 19, 2009 Version 1.0.2 Date 2007-07-13 Maintainer Deli Wang Author Deli Wang, Jian Huang Depends splines Title A two-way semilinear model for normalization and analysis of cDNA microarray data. Description twslm is for normalization of cDNA microarray data with the two-way semilinear model. Huber’s and Tukey’s bisquare weight functions are available for robust esti...

Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) have recently been detected in a wide range of places. This study examined contribution of the non-point source (NPS) to PFCs in rivers. NPS contribution of PFCs has not been focused much so far. In this study, samples of river water were collected from Tsurumi River at a fixed location during low and high levels of river flow (due to rainfall) and their concentr...

The aimed study assesses the water quality of Mardi River applying National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) America developed index called Water Quality Index (WQI). This index is one of effective way to inform about water quality trends to the public and the policy makers for water quality management. As Mardi River is primary source of consumption to Pokhara city and Mardi Watershed entities, the...

Geographic information system (GIS) has had a great progress in river engineering in recent years. Most of new developed softwares in this area have the GIS abilities or are able to interact with GIS software. The application of GIS in this area is mostly for pre and post processing of input and output data. In this research, water flow of river has been estimated in an ungaged point using ArcV...

We used the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta CA (Delta, hereafter) as a model system for understanding how human activities influence the delivery of sediment and total organic carbon (TOC) over the past 50-60 years. Sediment cores were collected from sites within the Delta representing the Sacramento River (SAC), the San Joaquin River (SJR), and Franks Tract (FT), a flooded agricultural trac...

Agriculture is a major nonpoint source of phosphorus (P) in the Midwest, but how surface runoff and tile drainage interact to affect temporal concentrations and fluxes of both dissolved and particulate P remains unclear. Our objective was to determine the dominant form of P in streams (dissolved or particulate) and identify the mode of transport of this P from fields to streams in tile-drained ...

Mountaintop mining is the dominant form of coal mining and the largest driver of land cover change in the central Appalachians. The waste rock from these surface mines is disposed of in the adjacent river valleys, leading to a burial of headwater streams and dramatic increases in salinity and trace metal concentrations immediately downstream. In this synoptic study we document the cumulative im...

in iran, most mountainous watersheds do not have enough hydrometery stations and defective stations have sparse data. because of limited availability of hydrologic data, watershed modeling plays a crucial role in development of local resources. in this study, swat was applied to simulate runoff in marun dam (idanak) watershed, a sub-basin of marun catchment. calibration and sensivity analyses w...