This paper proposes a nonlinear error-correction model based upon smooth transition regression methodology. The model is speci® ed such that the short-run adjustment toward long-run equilibrium is nonlinear and that the error correction is a smooth function of long-run deviation. Empirical results obtained from estimating M2 money demand in Taiwan support the hypothesis of a nonlinear error-cor...

Abstract. Developments such as climate change and a growing demand for drinking water threaten the sustainability of supply worldwide. To deal with this threat, adaptation systems is imperative, not only on global national scale but particularly local scale. This investigation sought to establish characteristics that describe supply. The hypothesis research was depend context analysed, therefor...

Knudson's carcinogenic model, which simulates incidence rates for retinoblastoma, provides compelling evidence for a two-stage mutational process. However, for more complex cancers, existing multistage models are less convincing. To fill this gap, I hypothesize that neoplasms preferentially arise when stem cell exhaustion creates a short supply of progenitor cells at ages of high proliferative ...

BACKGROUND Indonesia is one of the largest consumers of tobacco in the world, however there has been little work done on the economics addiction of tobacco. This study provides an empirical test of a rational addiction (henceforth RA) hypothesis of cigarette demand in Indonesia. METHODS Four estimators (OLS, 2SLS, GMM, and System-GMM) were explored to test the RA hypothesis. The author adopte...

From the analysis on the demand characteristic of maintenance material in wartime, take the maintenance material allocation of tactical single depot and multi-demand troops without supporting as the research object, according to describing the combat mission, put forward the real time allocation method of maintenance material for complex mission. Then, under the hypothesis that the material dem...

Demand for hospital inpatient care varies in a consistent way. However, a part of this variability is unpredictable. Hospitals react to this situation by holding standby capacity in order to be prepared to meet unanticipated surges in demand. This paper examines the production responses to unexpected hospital demand on a sample of Greek public hospitals over the period 2001-2005. The hospital o...