Bone fragility is a concern for aged and diseased bone. Measuring bone toughness and understanding fracture properties of the bone are critical for predicting fracture risk associated with age and disease and for preclinical testing of therapies. A reference point indentation technique (BioDent) has recently been developed to determine bone's resistance to fracture in a minimally invasive way b...

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a technique to computationally construct or update a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously tracking a system’s location within the environment. In particular, vision-based SLAM employs a visual camera as a primary sensor. This system attempts to perform simultaneous tracking and feature mapping without additional sensing units, such a...

The effect of the elastic deformation of a point-sharp indenter on the relationship between the indentation load P and penetration depth h (P-h curve) is examined through the numerical analysis of conical indentations simulated with the finite element method [...].

Finite element modeling has been used to study the development of surface deformation during indentation with a Vickers indenter. A wide range of materials with different elastic modulus and yield stresses are examined. Results show that in a pyramidal indentation process, for a perfectly plastic material, sinking-in during loading can change to pile-up in unloading. This phenomenon depends on ...

Discovering the mechanical properties of biological composite structures at the Nano-scale is much interesting today. Top Neck mollusk shells are amongst biomaterials Nano-Composite that their layered structures are composed of organic and inorganic materials. Since the Nano indentation process is known as an efficient method to determine mechanical properties like elastic modulus and hardness ...

In the present article, a new method for the determination of the hardening law using the load displacement curve, F–h, of a spherical indentation test is developed. This method is based on the study of the error between an experimental indentation curve and a number of finite elements simulation curves. For the smaller values of these errors, the error distribution shape is a valley, which is ...

Article history: Received 30 September 2016 Received in revised form 5 January 2017 Accepted 21 January 2017 Available online 24 January 2017 The characterisation of bulk behaviour of cohesive powders is very important in processing of particulate solids, e.g. for reliable powder flow out of storage vessels. For filling and dosing of small quantities of powders in capsules and for dispersion in...

We address the issue of improving depth coverage in consumer depth cameras based on the combined use of cross-spectral stereo and near infrared structured light sensing. Specifically we show that fusion of disparity over these modalities prior to subsequent optimization, within the disparity space image, facilitates the recovery of scene depth information in regions where structured light sensi...