new product development (npd) is described in the literature as the transformation of a market opportunity into a product available for sale. in the automotive industry, within the context of iso/ts16949:2002 (the automotive quality management system international standard),  these related to the product realization process (prp) which consists of three main phases such as planning, implementat...

traceability is an ability of system to provide status reports or records pertaining of the current situation in the past. in production systems, traceability to track the product or lot of a product and access to records in the entire production process (or part of the process) of the raw material to finished product that purchased and consumed by customer will be applied. traceability in prod...

a long-term rotation experiment was established in 2001 to compare conservation or reduced tillage systems (shallow rototiller and chisel tillage) with conventional tillage system using mouldboard plough in a semi-arid region with mediterranean climate. field experiments were conducted to determine weed density and profitability of cropping systems in a crop rotation of winter wheat (triticum a...

a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of two laying systems (floor versus cage) on egg production, egg quality, and microbial safety. one hundred and eighty 42 wk old laying hens were separated into two groups of 90 hens each, and housed in laying cages and a floor laying system. eggs from the hens were collected for 2 weeks, and hen-day egg production, egg quality (whole egg, albumen, ...

to obtain detailed information of sowing density and defoliation intensity under more controlled conditions on herbage production and seed yield, paraggio medic was grown on raised-beds located outdoors at the waite agricultural research institute. a split split randomised block design was used. treatments comprised three sowing rates (densities): low (3 kg/ha), medium (15 kg/ha) and high (...

The use of a structured approach to production system design is an effective means to improve a firm’s overall manufacturing capability. Design of a production system in addition to defining system architecture (subsystem organization and integration) also includes allocating high-level system requirements to subsystems. An area where requirements allocation is critical to system performance is...

the type of training system and application of calcium spray have considerable effects on storability of fruits. in this study, the effects of calcium chloride spray (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 g.l-1) in three times during 2, 4 and 6 weeks before harvest time on apple (malus domestica) fruits cvs. ‘gala’ and ‘delbarestival’, which trained in three different training systems (v shape, hightech and cordo...

in recent years, fashion has been introduced as a prominent taste which is imposed by owners of this industry to the society. recently change of consumption patterns have been increased rapidly, while changes in fashion industry has also changed industries and economies of these countries as well. through changes in global relationships and structures, omitting industrial concentrated productio...