The bacteriophages of the Cystoviridae family package their single stranded RNA genomic precursors into empty capsid (procapsids) using a hexameric packaging ATPase motor (P4). This molecular motor shares sequence and structural similarity with RecA-like hexameric helicases. A concerted structural, mutational and kinetic analysis helped to define the mechanical reaction coordinate, i.e. the con...

The use of detailed chemical reaction mechanisms of kerosene is still very limited in analyzing the combustion process in the combustion chamber of the aircraft engine. In this work, a new reduced chemical kinetic mechanism for fuel n-decane, which selected as a surrogate fuel for kerosene, containing 210 elemental reactions (including 92 reversible reactions and 26 irreversible reactions) and ...

Many articles have been published on the uncertainty analysis of high temperature gas kinetic systems that are based on detailed reaction mechanisms. In all these articles a temperature independent relative uncertainty of the rate coefficient is assumed, although the chemical kinetics databases suggest temperature dependent uncertainty factors for most of the reactions. The temperature dependen...

In this study, a flamelet-based framework is proposed for quantifying the uncertainties induced by chemical-kinetic rates on the aerothermochemical field in numerical simulations of high-speed turbulent combustion. For this purpose, this report is divided into the following sections. In Section 2, a short background on flamelet physics is provided. In Section 3, the RANS formulation of the oute...

this research is aimed to undertake a comparative study on stability and thermal degradation kinetics of un-irradiated and high energy protons irradiated polyvinyl butyral (pvb) based on weight loss analysis and non-isothermal approaches. the weight loss by the un-irradiated pvb upon heating was found to be in two stages but due to high energy protons accelerated exposure following by chemical ...

Two storage/retrieval schemes have been used to implement detailed chemistry in multidimensional CFD: “in situ adaptive tabulation” (ISAT) [1] and “database on-line for function approximation” (DOLFA) [2]. The emphasis is on predicting autoignition in nearly homogeneous to moderately non-homogeneous mixtures (homogeneous-charge compression-ignition engines) and in highly non-homogeneous direct-...

Background. Because VO2max doesn’t provide any detailed information about aerobic examinations Oxygen Kinetic is used for more accuracy. Long intensive and repetitive exercises with sufficient time lead to increase in aerobic parameters like kinetic absorption of oxygen. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine time dependent effects of short-time high intensity interval...

We examine the chemical basis for simplified chemical reaction models by using numerical simulations of adiabatic explosion with detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms under pressure and temperature conditions relevant to detonations. We have studied hydrogen, methane, and ethane to determine the reaction structure and characterize it in terms of three overall features: induction time, energy rel...

The characterization of the notions of complex and detailed balancing for mass action kinetics chemical reaction networks is revisited from the perspective of algebraic graph theory, in particular Kirchhoff’s Matrix Tree theorem for directed weighted graphs. This yields an elucidation of previously obtained results, in particular with respect to the Wegscheider conditions, and a new necessary a...