Despite the important role of manual dexterity in child development, neurobiological mechanisms associated with childhood remain unclear. We leveraged fixel-based analysis (FBA) to examine longitudinal association between and development white matter structural properties corticospinal tract (CST). High angular diffusion weighted imaging (HARDI) data were acquired for 44 right-handed typically ...

Abstract Rescue robots are expected to carry out reconnaissance and dexterity operations in unknown environments comprising unstructured obstacles. Although a wide variety of designs implementations have been presented within the field rescue robotics, embedding all mobility, dexterity, capabilities single robot remains challenging problem. This paper explains design implementation Karo, mobile...

The University of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry wanted to determine if a predental school manual dexterity test predicts: 1) subsequent grades in preclinical restorative courses, and 2) faculty perceptions of satisfactory performance in these skills that would indicate the student is ready to advance to the clinic. The study population was comprised of all 244 applicants admitte...

To control reaching, the nervous system must generate large changes in muscle activation to drive limb toward target, and also make smaller adjustments for precise accurate behavior. Motor cortex controls arm through projections diverse targets across central system, but it has been challenging identify roles of cortical specific targets. Here, we selectively disrupt cortico-cerebellar communic...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous research has reported impaired hand function on the "unaffected" side after stroke, but its incidence, origins, and impact on rehabilitation remain unclear. This study investigated whether impairment of ipsilateral dexterity is common early after middle cerebral artery stroke and explored the relationship to cognitive deficit. METHODS Thirty patients within 1 m...

INTRODUCTION Conventional manual laparoscopic instruments for minimally invasive surgery have limited dexterity within the patient, making procedures challenging. Surgical robotic systems offer enhanced articulation, but at substantial financial costs. This has motivated the development of high-dexterity, low-cost laparoscopic instruments. AREAS COVERED This article reviews both commercial an...

Specific relations between executive functions (working memory capacity, planning and problem-solving, inhibitory control) and motor skill performance (anticipatory motor planning, manual dexterity) were examined in 5- to 6-year-old children (N = 40). Results showed that the two motor skill components were not correlated. Additionally, it was found that response planning performance was a signi...

Brain lesions may disturb hand functioning in children with cerebral palsy (CP), making it difficult or even impossible for them to perform several manual activities. Most conventional treatments for hand dysfunction in CP assume that reducing the hand dysfunctions will improve the capacity to manage activities (i.e., manual ability, MA). The aim of this study was to investigate the directional...