Nematodes of the genus Caenorhabditis enter a developmental diapause state after hatching in the absence of food. To better understand the relative contributions of distinct regulatory modalities to gene expression changes associated with this developmental transition, we characterized genome-wide changes in mRNA abundance and translational efficiency associated with L1 diapause exit in four sp...

Plastic responses figure prominently in discussions on insect adaptation to climate change. Here we review the different types of plastic responses and whether they contribute much to adaptation. Under climate change, plastic responses involving diapause are often critical for population persistence, but key diapause responses under dry and hot conditions remain poorly understood. Climate varia...

The increasing evidence of coexistence of cryptic species with no recognized niche differentiation has called attention to mechanisms reducing competition that are not based on niche-differentiation. Only sex-based mechanisms have been shown to create the negative feedback needed for stable coexistence of competitors with completely overlapping niches. Here we show that density-dependent sexual...

We describe a method for the rearing of the oligophagous herbivore Hadena bicruris, and its gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoid Microplitis tristis under laboratory conditions. With flowers from the host food plant Silene latifolia available, female moths lay on average 414 eggs during their lifetime, starting at day 3 after eggression and with a peak number per night on day 8. Caterpillars ca...

WALLACE, D. R., and C. R. SULLIVAN. 1974. Photoperiodism in the early balsam strain of the Neodiprion abietis complex (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Can. J. Zool. 52: 507-513. The early balsam strain of the Neodiprion abietis complex does not have a photoperiodically controlled, prepupal diapause occurring during the summer in its normal, univoltine life cycle. This is the first Instance we have f...

A gene encoding a precursor polyprotein of diapause hormone (DH) and four related peptides is expressed by three groups of neurosecretory cells in the suboesophageal ganglion (SOG) of Bombyx mori. Long-term chronic recordings of firing activities were made from a common axonal tract (the maxillary nerve) of two groups of cells localized in the mandibular and maxillary neuromeres of SOG during p...

BACKGROUND To cope with harsh environments, crustaceans such as Artemia produce diapause gastrula embryos (cysts) with suppressed metabolism. Metabolism and development resume during post-diapause development, but the mechanism behind these cellular events remains largely unknown. PRINCIPAL FINDING Our study investigated the role of prohibitin 1 (PHB1) in metabolic reinitiation during post-di...

During winter populations of Argas arboreus from heronries of the cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis, in South Africa are composed of adults, with some predominance of males, and II-IV instar nymphs, in a state of diapause. The period of tick activity, including reproduction and development of eggs, larvae and N1 nymphs, is synchronized with the nesting and breeding season of their avian hosts. It beg...

In insects, the photoperiodic system comprises a linked sequence of events from photoreception to final seasonally-appropriate phenotypes such as overwintering diapause. The first and last these are reasonably well known, but central phenomena those distinguishing short long days (time measurement) nature, accumulation transfer this information through development, metamorphosis sometimes acros...