This paper presents a measurement method for determining effective conductivity of copper-clad dielectric laminate substrates in the millimeter-wave region. The conductivity is indirectly evaluated from measured resonant frequencies and unloaded Q values of a number of Whispering Gallery modes excited in a circular disk sample, which consists of a copper-clad dielectric substrate with a large d...

Background Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) has been used for over two decades to measure the live cell concentration of animal cells in bioreactors online. The technology measures the build up of charge around live cell membranes under the influence of an induced electric field. Dead cells, debris, air bubbles and solid media particles do not have the capability to hold charge around themselves an...

Applications for low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) and high temperature co-fired ceramics (HTCC) are advancing to higher frequencies. In order to design ceramic microsystems and electronic packages, the electrical properties of materials must be well characterized over a broad frequency range. In this study, the dielectric properties of commercial Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) with different gl...

Relaxor-like dielectric behavior, analogous to that found in lead magnesium niobate, has been induced in the polar dielectric barium magnesium niobate ~BMN!. In BMN, the dielectric constant was increased and the temperature of the maximum dielectric constant was shifted to a lower temperature with a decrease in measurement frequency with increasing A-site vacancy concentrations. The frequency d...

We continue here our investigation of Solid Dielectric Lens Impulse Radiating Antennas (SDL IRAs), which are intended for Ultra-Wideband, high-voltage radiation from the front end of an electrically conducting cylindrical shroud. This device is intended to radiate the highest possible field from the smallest possible aperture using the highest possible source voltage. Furthermore, this antenna ...

C.M. Roland (December 17, 2014) Introduction Impedance spectroscopy and dielectric relaxation measurements yield the same information; however, their purpose and analysis methods differ. Impedance spectroscopy is typically used to probe electrochemical processes, while dielectric relaxation data, almost invariably expressed in the complex permittivity representation, provide information on dyna...

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) as a piezoelectric ceramic has been used widely in the fields of electronics, biomedical engineering, mechatronics and thermoelectric. Although, the electrical properties of PZT ceramics is a major considerable, but the mechanical properties such as fracture strength and toughness should be improved for many applications. In this study, lead monoxide, zirconium ...