Test meals in Europeans and Bantu in Johannesburg show that the stomachs of normal Europeans in the main secrete more acid and pepsin.Gastric studies in Bantu on a European diet compared with those on a more non-European type of diet reveal no difference in secretory behaviour. This, it is suggested, rules out current dietary habits as being responsible for the difference in gastric secretory b...

Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of eating behaviour regarding dietary variety and nutrient intake of children. However, the association between picky eating and growth of children is still a topic of debate. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of picky eating and to identify possible associations with the growth of school-age children in China. In this survey, 793 hea...

The quality defect ‘pale, soft, exudative’ (PSE) pork is caused by an acute stress response of the pig preslaughter and is estimated to cost the Australian pig industry in excess of $20 million per year. Dietary tryptophan has been reported to reduce the stress response of horses to trucking and to alleviate laying hysteria in hens. This preliminary experiment investigated the influence of exce...

BACKGROUND The deterioration of the health status of the Romanian population during the economic transition from a centrally planned to a free market economy has been linked to lifestyles factors (e.g. diet) regarded as a main determinants of the disparity in life expectancy between Eastern and Western Europe. Reforms in the health care system in this transition economy aim to focus on preventi...

The aim was to establish the relative importance of multiple dietary, activity and other risk factors in determining BMI. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 322 adults (71 % female; aged 18-79 years; BMI 16.5-40.9 kg/m2) using a previously developed, psychometrically tested, seventy-three-item questionnaire covering a wide range of obesity risk factors (consisting of five dietary, five...

OBJECTIVE Improvements in psychological symptoms and weight have often been demonstrated following eating disorder (ED) treatment, but it is not clear to what extent eating behaviour itself is normalised. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate dietary habits and eating behaviour in ED patients three years after entering treatment. METHOD ED patients (N=70) were divided into those who...

BACKGROUND Although many individual health behaviours (e.g. diet/activity) have been implicated in the current rise in obesity levels, their confounding or cumulative effects have yet to be established. This study psychometrically tested a previously piloted comprehensive measure of obesity risk factors, designed to assess their relative importance at individual and population levels. MATERIA...

It is widely believed that there exists a strong relationship between eating and mood, and that diet and particular dietary constituents can have important influences on behaviour, including alertness and mental (cognitive) performance. An obvious example is caffeine, thought to be the most frequently consumed drug in the world (Gilbert, 1984), which is often consumed with the specific intentio...

BACKGROUND Behavioural lifestyle interventions can be effective at promoting initial weight loss and supporting physical activity and dietary behaviour change, however maintaining improvements in these outcomes is often more difficult to achieve. Extending intervention contact to reinforce learnt behavioural skills has been shown to improve maintenance of behaviour change and weight loss. This ...

AIMS To determine whether artificial food colourings and a preservative in the diet of 3 year old children in the general population influence hyperactive behaviour. METHODS A sample of 1873 children were screened in their fourth year for the presence of hyperactivity at baseline (HA), of whom 1246 had skin prick tests to identify atopy (AT). Children were selected to form the following group...