BACKGROUND Nutrition is able to alter the cardiovascular health of the general population. However, the optimal dietary strategy for cardiovascular disease prevention is still far from being defined. Mediterranean and vegetarian diets are those reporting the greatest grade of evidence in the literature, but no experimental studies comparing these two dietary patterns are available. METHODS/DE...

Evidence demonstrates that a gardening and nutrition intervention improves dietary intake in children, although no study has evaluated the effect of this type of intervention on obesity measures. The objective of this pilot study was to develop and test the effects of a 12-week, after-school gardening, nutrition, and cooking program (called LA Sprouts) on dietary intake and obesity risk in Lati...

Background: Dietary factors are associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults, but no studies have ever investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of IBS among adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study a total of 750 adolescent girls aged 12 to 18 years old were recruited using a random cluster sampling method from several schools...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of 2 pharmacologic interventions (amino acid supplements) on the brain levels of phenylalanine (Phe) in adults with phenylketonuria (PKU). METHODS A prospective study was conducted in an outpatient treatment and follow-up setting. The volunteers who were recruited for the first intervention included 4 subjects with classic PKU. The second intervention included ...

Consumption of dietary carotenoids or carotenoid supplements can alter the color (yellowness) of human skin through increased carotenoid deposition in the skin. As fruit and vegetables are the main dietary sources of carotenoids, skin yellowness may be a function of regular fruit and vegetable consumption. However, most previous studies have used tablets or capsules to supplement carotenoid int...

This study was to assess the effect of a fixed dietary intake on biomarkers of red blood cell (RBC) biosynthesis and degradation. Over a two-year period, eight collegiate rhythmic gymnasts participated in this study. During the first year, they ate self-selected diets. During the second year, a fixed dietary intake involving consumption of common Japanese foods containing 15 mg iron and 1500 kc...

OBJECTIVES To characterize dietary intake for Navajo adults, to identify foods for a nutritional intervention programme and to develop a culturally appropriate quantitative FFQ (QFFQ) for evaluating the impact of the intervention programme. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted using 24 h dietary recalls. SETTING Navajo Nation, USA. SUBJECTS Seventy-nine (forty men, thirty-nine wom...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 1. Diet Intervention Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 1.1 Dietary Energy Restriction and Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR...

The effects of dietary intervention, sex, and apolipoprotein E phenotype on tracking of serum lipid values in young children have remained poorly characterized. We investigated these associations in 1062 infants who were randomized into control and intervention groups (n=522 and n=540, respectively) at age 7 months; the intervention group received counseling aimed at maintaining a low-saturated...

AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion programme targeting dietary behaviours and physical activity among male hourly-paid workers and to explore demographic and attitudinal influences on dietary patterns at baseline. METHODS A controlled field trial compared workers at one intervention and one control worksite. The intervention comprised nutrition displays in the cafeteria ...