The Medical Specialization Education Entrance Examination is a national high-stake test for the placement of medical graduates in specialization training Turkey. purpose this study to determine whether items display gender-related differential item functioning (DIF) by using Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression methods. To presence bias, content experts reviewed items. analyzes were conducte...

Dataflow formalisms have provided designers of digital signal processing (DSP) systems with analysis and optimizations for many years. As system complexity increases, designers are relying on more types of dataflow models to describe applications while retaining these implementation benefits. The semantic range of DSP-oriented dataflow models has expanded to cover heterogeneous models and dynam...

FtsK is a multifunctional protein that acts in Escherichia coli cell division and chromosome segregation. Its C-terminal domain is required for XerCD-mediated recombination between dif sites that resolve chromosome dimers formed by recombination between sister chromosomes. We report the construction and analysis of a set of strains carrying different Xer recombination sites in place of dif, som...

Chlorinated compounds are important environmental pollutants whose biodegradation may be limited by inefficient dechlorinating enzymes. Dictyostelium amoebae produce a chlorinated alkyl phenone called DIF which induces stalk cell differentiation during their multicellular development. Here we describe the identification of DIF dechlorinase. DIF dechlorinase is active when expressed in bacteria,...

In response to the signaling polyketide DIF-1 DimB directly activates transcription of the ecmB gene in pstB cells; a subset of the prestalk cells that are the precursors of the basal disc. We show that the promoter of pspA, a prespore-specific gene, also contains a DimB binding site. Mutation of this site causes ectopic expression in the prestalk region and ChIP analysis shows that DIF-1 induc...

Background During the past few decades, there have been many studies conducted to evaluate the comparative performance of differential item functioning (DIF) methods under various conditions. These conditions, for example, include small and unbalanced sample size between groups (Woods 2009), short tests (Paek and Wilson 2011), various levels of DIF contamination (Finch 2005), multilevel data (F...

This study examines measurement invariance of student perceptions teaching quality collected in five countries: Indonesia (n students = 6,331), the Netherlands 6,738), South Africa 3,422), Korea 6,997) and Spain 4,676). The administered questionnaire was My Teacher Questionnaire (MTQ). Student perceived teachers’ estimated using partial credit model (PCM). Tests for differential item functionin...

As part of test score validity, differential item functioning (DIF) is a quantitative characteristic used to evaluate potential item bias. In applications where a small number of examinees take a test, statistical power of DIF detection methods may be affected. Researchers have proposed modifications to DIF detection methods to account for small focal group examinee sizes for the case when item...

Marker frequency analysis of the Escherichia coli recB mutant chromosome has revealed a deficit of DNA in a specific zone of the terminus, centred on the dif/TerC region. Using fluorescence microscopy of a marked chromosomal site, we show that the dif region is lost after replication completion, at the time of cell division, in one daughter cell only, and that the phenomenon is transmitted to p...