Rapid acidification and inhibition by d-limonene are major challenges of biogas production from citrus waste. As limonene is a hydrophobic chemical, this challenge was encountered using hydrophilic polyvinylidine difluoride (PVDF) membranes in a biogas reactor. The more sensitive methane-producing archaea were encapsulated in the membranes, while freely suspended digesting bacteria were present...

OBJECTIVE This experiment was conducted to explore the impact of diet on the ruminal microbial community in goats. METHODS Twelve goats were divided into two groups and fed complete feed (CF) or all forage (AF) diet. The total microbial DNAs in the rumen liquid were extracted. The V4 region of microbial 16S rRNA genes was amplified and sequenced using high-throughput. Information of sequences...

To investigate the potential limiting steps of peak metabolic rates, we examined gas exchange rates ( vdot (O2), vdot (CO2)), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), breathing frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation volume (V.e) as well as the heart rate, systemic blood flow and stroke volume of Burmese pythons (Python molurus) while fasting at rest, exercising, digesting and exercising while dig...

The fermentation of the neutral detergent-soluble (NDS) fraction of two legumes (clover, alfalfa) and two grasses (timothy, guinea grass) was measured using a curve subtraction technique with in vitro gas production data from the whole forage and the isolated neutral detergent-extracted fiber. The NDF disappearance and VFA production also were measured. There were no significant differences bet...

BACKGROUND Starch is a very abundant and renewable carbohydrate and is an important feedstock for industrial applications. The conventional starch liquefaction and saccharification processes are energy-intensive, complicated, and not environmentally friendly. Raw starch-digesting glucoamylases are capable of directly hydrolyzing raw starch to glucose at low temperatures, which significantly sim...

The global health system (GHS) is ill-equipped to deal with the increasing number of transnational challenges. The GHS needs reform enhance resilience future risks health. In this article we argue that starting point for any must be conceptualizing and studying as a complex adaptive (CAS) large escalating interconnected actors learn adapt their behaviours in response each other changes e...

The alimentary canal carries out many functions critical to insect physiology, including digesting and absorbing nutrients water, housing beneficial gut bacteria, eliciting immunological responses. midgut, in particular, is a compartment for digestion absorption serves as first point of contact between ingested pathogens the immune system. Recently, we found protein vitellogenin (Vg) localized ...

This study focuses on the implications of urban life style on eating habits and the related symbolic representations. Theoretical references used to approach the food experience are the concepts of social representation and habitus. The methodology consisted of a qualitative analysis of interviews with 21 administrative employees and field observations made at commercial establishments in downt...

The need to reduce the climate impact of transport sector has led an increasing interest in utilisation alternative fuels. Producing advanced fuels through integration anaerobic digestion and power-to-fuel technologies may offer a solution greenhouse gas emissions from difficult decarbonise modes transport, such as heavy goods vehicles, shipping, commercial aviation, while also offering wider s...