synthetic envelopes have been found to be highly effective filters for numerous applications and are currently replacing gravel envelopes. the growth of petrochemical and textile industries in iran offers the possibility of manufacturing these products domestically. the objective of this study was to assess the mineral clogging potential of two non-woven synthetic envelopes (pre-wrapped loose m...

Starting from a thermomechanical description of elastoplasticity, a stress-based variational principle is derived. The principle, which generalizes von Mises’s principle of maximum plastic dissipation, reproduces the conventional elastic/hardening-plastic framework applicable to metals as a special case and further proves to be suitable for developing constitutive models for frictional material...