conclusions the hc2 intervention shows potential for generating cost savings. cost analyses of programs of this type are helpful to policymakers and program planners to allocate resources for obesity prevention programs in school and childcare settings. results the total cost of hc2 intervention was 206319 $. the average cost per child in year 1 was 113.90 $. the average cost per child for the ...

BACKGROUND In many developed countries, the treatment of hyperkinetic disorder (or ADHD) consumes a considerable amount of resources. The primary aim of this study was to determine change in the direct cost of treatment for children and adolescents with hyperkinetic disorder in Germany over time, and compare the cost with the cost of treatment for two physical disorders: epilepsy and asthma. ...

bypassing agents are the most commonly used medicines for the treatment of hemophilia patients with inhibitors. the aim of this study is to identify the cost components of management of bleeding vents in hemophilia patients with inhibitors in iran. this study is a cross-sectional study using a bottom-up approach to determine the cost components of treatment of hemophilia patients with inhibitor...

in this paper, integrated direct and reverse logistics considering production, distribution, customer, devastation, retrieval centers under uncertainty are developed. in this model, cost parameters are not certain, thus the scenario-based robust optimization method is applied. the aim of this model is to minimize the total cost and obtain a robust solution. finally, a practical case study is pr...

This paper studies the effects of the structural variables of the Iranian industries sector on the welfare cost using to the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) theory. In other words, we investigate the role of structural components and their effects on the size of the welfare cost in Iran's industry sector. We have used the Leibenstein's model to calculate the deadweight loss and then the pan...

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease of significantly increasing in terms of economic burden due to its increasing prevalence and high costs. In India because of growing pressure on the health care budget, appropriate reasoning of current expenditure and future investments in public health care becoming a priority. Objective: To evaluate Burden of cost in patien...

This paper presents a Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) model for the cost optimization of the one-way and two-way reinforced concrete (RC) slabs according to ACI code. The objective function is the total cost of the slabs including the cost of the concrete and that of the reinforcing steel. In this paper, One-way and two-way slabs with various end conditions are formulated as ACI code. The t...