We analyze the model of topological fermions, where charged fermions are treated as topological solitons. We discuss vibrations of soliton shapes. It is shown that depending on the power of the potential term (discrete parameter m) of the model Lagrangian the spectrum of normal mode frequencies can be discrete (for m = 1) or continuous (for m ≥ 2). PACS: 05.45.Yv

Quantum properties of optical modes are typically assessed by observing their photon statistics or the distribution of their quadratures. Both particle- and wave-like behaviours deliver important information and each may be used as a resource in quantum-enhanced technologies. Weak-field homodyne (WFH) detection provides a scheme that combines the wave- and particle-like descriptions. Here we sh...

A new discrete-time control algorithm has been developed by combining Variable Structure Systems (VSS) and Lyapunov design. It possesses all the good properties of the sliding mode control and avoids the unnecessary discontinuity of the control input, thus eliminating chattering which has been considered as a serious obstacle for applications of VSS. A unified control approach for the stator cu...

In many spatial analysis contexts, the variable of interest is discrete and there is spatial clustering of observations. This paper formulates a model that accommodates clustering along more than one dimension in the context of a discrete response variable. For example, in a travel mode choice context, individuals are clustered by both the home zone in which they live as well as by their work l...

This paper deals with the problem of additional sensor placement in order to recover the discrete mode observability of switching structured linear systems with unknown inputs. Such property is quite important for designing control laws, observers, fault detection and isolation schemes (when the fault occurrence implies a commutation between two modes) and so on. The proposed method, based on a...

[1] We present results from numerical studies of whistler mode wave propagation in the Earth’s magnetosphere. Numerical simulations, based on the novel algorithm, solving one-dimensional electron-MHD equations in the dipole coordinate system, demonstrate that the amplitude (and power) of the whistler mode waves generated by the ground-based transmitter can be significantly increased in some par...

Shanhai Jin 1, Yonggao Jin 1, Xiaodan Wang 1 and Xiaogang Xiong 2,* 1 School of Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; [email protected] (S.J.); [email protected] (Y.J.); [email protected] (X.W.) 2 School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +8...

A discrete-time sliding mode controller is presented for DC-DC converters. A criterion for the existence of the sliding surface is derived based on the LMI technique combined with the Lyapunov method. In addition, the design of sliding mode control is presented according to the reachability condition. The control law can effectively constrain the input disturbance and reduce the effects from th...

This paper studies the following problem: given samples from a high dimensional discrete distribution, we want to estimate the leading (δ, ρ)-modes of the underlying distributions. A point is defined to be a (δ, ρ)-mode if it is a local optimum of the density within a δ-neighborhood under metric ρ. As we increase the "scale" parameter δ, the neighborhood size increases and the total number of m...