During the last several years we have been investigating ultrasonic techniques for evaluating the quality of solid state weld interfaces [1 ,2]. Promising results have been obtained on a variety of different solid state welds by extracting features from the ultrasonic waveforms and applying pattern recognition algorithms to separate acceptable from unacceptable welds. In general, the primary di...

In this study, the dissimilar metal cladding from a pressure vessel pipe–nozzle mockup for PWR was studied using an optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, back-scattering diffraction, and micro-hardness measurement. The microstructure of SA508 side is non-uniform along fusion boundary, especially at concave convex areas. Martensitic layer (type I...