The application of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines has been gaining popularity. However, it rarely studied in previous research on the chemical kinetics DMF engine simulations. In present study, a reduced n-heptane/toluene/DMF-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) reaction mechanism containing only 78 species amongst 190 reactions was proposed and ...

A 19-year-old man suffered hepatic dysfunction after 5 months of exposure to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at his job in the synthetic resins industry. Laboratory data revealed elevated levels of AST (578 IU/l), ALT (1193 IU/l), and gamma-GTP (107 IU/l), no viral infection with HAV, HBV, or HCV, and no history or evidence of hepatic injury, although he did have a slight abdominal abnormality and ...

The complexity of droplet hydrodynamics on a digital microfluidic (DMF) system eventually weakens its potential for application in large-scale chemical/biological micro-reactors. We describe here an intelligent DMF technology to address that intricacy. A wide variety of control-engaged droplet manageability is proposed and demonstrated through the operation of our modular DMF prototype, which c...

Individual solvation numbers around the nickel(II) ion have been determined by titration Raman spectroscopy in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) mixtures at 298 K. The in-plane bending vibration (delta(O=C-N)) of DMF and the stretching vibration (v(N-CH3)) of DMA were used in the present analysis. These Raman bands of solvent molecules shift to higher frequencies upon ...

Single cell analysis (SCA) has gained increased popularity for elucidating cellular heterogeneity at genomic, proteomic and cellular levels. Flow cytometry is considered as one of the most widely used techniques to characterize single cell responses; however, its inability to analyse cells with spatio-temporal resolution poses a major drawback. Here, we introduce a digital microfluidic (DMF) pl...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by an insufficient suppression of autoreactive T lymphocytes. One reason for the lack of immunological control is the reduced responsiveness of T effector cells (Teff) for the suppressive properties of regulatory T cells (Treg), a process termed Treg resistance. Here we investigated whether the disease-modifying therapy of relapsing...

We introduce a new format for particle-based immunoassays relying on digital microfluidics (DMF) and magnetic forces to separate and resuspend antibody-coated paramagnetic particles. In DMF, fluids are electrostatically controlled as discrete droplets (picoliters to microliters) on an array of insulated electrodes. By applying appropriate sequences of potentials to these electrodes, multiple dr...

N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), an industrial solvent widely used throughout the world is a known toxic compound. Here, we studied the effects of acute exposure of DMF on liver and kidney in rats. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with a single dose of DMF (1.5 g/kg) for 24 and 48 h. Hepatic and nephrotoxicity was confirmed based on the significant increase in the serum levels of aspartate amino...

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a promising technique for carrying out miniaturized, automated biochemical assays in which discrete droplets of reagents are actuated on the surface of an array of electrodes. A limitation for DMF is nonspecific protein adsorption to device surfaces, which interferes with assay fidelity and can cause droplets to become unmovable. Here, we report the results of a q...