Gene promoter hypermethylation in sputum is a promising biomarker for predicting lung cancer. Identifying factors that predispose smokers to methylation of multiple gene promoters in the lung could affect strategies for early detection and chemoprevention. This study evaluated the hypothesis that double-strand break (DSB) repair capacity and sequence variation in genes in this pathway are assoc...

Molecular indexing sorts DNA fragments into subsets for inter-sample comparisons. Type IIS or interrupted palindrome restriction endonucleases, which result in single-stranded ends not including the original recognition sequence of the enzyme, are used to produce the fragments. The ends can then be any sequence but will always be specific for a given fragment. Fragments with particular ends are...

We used human electroencephalogram to study early audiovisual integration of dynamic angry and neutral expressions. An auditory-only condition served as a baseline for the interpretation of integration effects. In the audiovisual conditions, the validity of visual information was manipulated using facial expressions that were either emotionally congruent or incongruent with the vocal expression...

Plants have an important impact on soil microbial communities and their functions. However, how plants determine the microbial composition and network interactions is still poorly understood. During a four-year field experiment, we investigated the functional gene composition of three types of soils (Phaeozem, Cambisols and Acrisol) under maize planting and bare fallow regimes located in cold t...

This study examined balance control in children to determine at what age the integration of sensory information in unperturbed stance is comparable to that of adults. In addition, it examined whether overall performance was related to age, gender and specific physical characteristics, such as height, weight and body mass index (BMI). Seventy-four female and 80 male children between the ages of ...

We investigated if and how length and curvature information are integrated when an object is explored in one hand. Subjects were asked to explore four types of objects between thumb and index finger. Objects differed in either length, curvature, both length and curvature correlated as in a circle, or anti-correlated. We found that when both length and curvature are present, performance is signi...

We investigated the impact of contextual constraint on the integration of novel word meanings into semantic memory. Adults read strongly or weakly constraining sentences ending in known or unknown (novel) words as scalp-recorded electrical brain activity was recorded. Word knowledge was assessed via a lexical decision task in which recently seen known and unknown word sentence endings served as...

objective: in this paper, we have introduced topoisomerase inhibitors, mechanism of action and types of them. dna topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze essential enzymes to solve the topological problems accompanying key nuclear processes such as dna replication, transcription, repair and chromatin assembly by introducing temporary single or double strand breaks in the dna. result...

The nuclear DNA content of 26 non-endemic Burkitt's lymphomas was studied by flow cytometry. Eighteen of the tumours showed a pattern characteristic for diploid chromosome distribution, while eight of the tumours were aneuploid. Six of the aneuploid tumours showed an almost diploid, aneuploid DNA index, while two were tetraploid tumours. Patients with aneuploid tumours had a significantly worse...

Gene promoter hypermethylation in sputum is a promising biomarker for predicting lung cancer. Identifying factors that predispose smokers to methylation of multiple gene promoters in the lung could affect strategies for early detection and chemoprevention. This study evaluated the hypothesis that double-strand break (DSB) repair capacity and sequence variation in genes in this pathway are assoc...