The tail of bacteriophage T4 consists of a contractile sheath surrounding a rigid tube and terminating in a multiprotein baseplate, to which the long and short tail fibers of the phage are attached. Upon binding of the fibers to their cell receptors, the baseplate undergoes a large conformational switch, which initiates sheath contraction and culminates in transfer of the phage DNA from the cap...

Purpose. To report a case of atypical dome-shaped choroidal osteoma, which was diagnosed by histopathological finding of surgically extracted tumor. Case Report. A 35-year-old woman presented with visual field abnormality in the left eye (OS). Her best-corrected visual acuity with Landolt ring chart was 1.0 OS. The funduscopic examination revealed a yellowish dome-shaped choroidal tumor located...

objective:in this study, we assess long-term effects of vertical dome division (v.d.d) and suture techniques in patients with bulbous nose deformity and then compare the efficiency of these methods. material and methods: in this study 70 patients with bulbous nose deformity were divided into two equal groups of a and b in which group a with suture (transdomal and interdomal) technique and grou...