Using low-temperature (5 K) spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, we have studied the morphology and magnetic properties of monolayer (ML) and double layer (DL) thick Fe nanowires grown by step flow on a Mo(110) single crystal. Magnetic contrast has been obtained using tungsten tips covered by Au/Co thin films. We find that the DL Fe nanowires, similarly to ML Fe nanowires, are perpendi...

In order to reduce the dislocation density and improve the performance of high indium content In0.82Ga0.18As films, the design of double buffer layers has been introduced into the In0.82Ga0.18As/InP heterostructure. Compared with other buffer layer structures, we introduce an InP thin layer, which is the same as the substrate, into the In0.82Ga0.18As/InP heterostructure. The epitaxial layers an...

Specification of germ layers along the dorsoventral axis by morphogenetic gradients is an ideal model to study scaling properties of gradients and cell fate changes during evolution. Classical anatomical studies in divergent insects (e.g., flies and grasshoppers) revealed that the neuroectodermal size is conserved and originates similar numbers of neuroblasts of homologous identity. In contrast...

The field of organic electronics emerged in the 1970s with the discovery of conducting polymers. With the introduction of plastics as conductors and semiconductors came many new possibilities both in production and function of electronic devices. Polymers can often be processed from solution and their softness provides both the possibility of working on flexible substrates, and various advantag...

The magnetic response of a proximity-coupled superconductor–normal-metal sandwich is studied within the framework of the quasiclassical theory. The magnetization is evaluated for finite values of the applied magnetic field ~linear and nonlinear response! at arbitrary temperatures and is used to fit recent experimental lowtemperature data. The hysteretic behavior predicted from a Ginzburg-Landau...

Direct observations of magnetic-field-aligned (parallel) electric fields in the downward current region of the aurora provide decisive evidence of naturally occurring double layers. We report measurements of parallel electric fields, electron fluxes and ion fluxes related to double layers that are responsible for particle acceleration. The observations suggest that parallel electric fields orga...

Luminous, sharply defined and nearly spherical objects (‘fireballs’), typically several centimetres in diameter, have been observed in Ar, Kr and Xe plasmas. The ‘fireballs’ are anchored on a disk anode biased et 4040 V above ground potential. They have been analysed in terms of a spherical double-layer model, in which ionizalion of the gas atoms by electrons energized at the double layer plays...

A double-layer nanostructure comprising amorphous Si nanograss on top of Si nanofrustums (NFs) with a total height of 680 nm exhibits ultralow reflection. Almost near-unity absorption and near-zero reflectance result in this layered nanostructure, over a broad range of wavelengths and a wide range of angles of incidence, due to the low packing density of a-Si and the smooth transition of the re...

In this article, we investigate the storage of lithium ions between two parallel graphene sheets using the continuous approximation and the 6-12 Lennard-Jones potential. The continuous approximation assumes that the carbon atoms can be replaced by a uniform distribution across the surface of the graphene sheets so that the total interaction potential can be approximated by performing surface in...